BIO 30 4TH EXAM REVIEWER Merlyn S. Mendioro Delayed and Extra-chromosomal Inheritance 1.) Genetic factors that are located outside the chromosome: plasmagenes‚ plasmons‚ cytogens‚ plasmids. 2.) Plasmid inheritance implies: perpetuation through DNA Replication. 3.) Killer gene particulate material in Paramecium aurelia: kappa 4.) Mirabilis jalapa shows extrachromosomal inheritance in the ___________. When a pale male parent is crossed with a green female the result usually is
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parents to offspring. Genetic Drift Random change in the frequency of an allele Occurs in every generation Has strongest effect in smaller populations Founder’s Effect When a small group contributes exclusively to the gene pool of the next generation‚ it creates a genetic bottleneck where the chances of variation decrease Can lead to allele fixation‚ in which everyone in a population has the same trait and it is unchanging Gene Flow Movement of alleles from one population to another The exchange
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the Hardy-Weinberg model. A. Indicate the conditions under which allele frequencies (p and q) remain constant from one generation to the next. B. Calculate‚ showing all work‚ the frequencies of the alleles and frequencies of the genotypes in a population of 100‚000 rabbits of which 25‚000 are white and 75‚000 are agouti. (In rabbits the white color is due to a recessive allele‚ w‚ and agouti is due to a dominant allele‚ W.) C. If the homozygous dominant condition were to become lethal‚ what
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and R.C. Lewontin‚ portrays five of the alternative adaptationist programmes which are the most common view of evolutionary reasoning to date. The first adaptationist programme Gould mentions in the paper is a population that does not undergo selection or adaptation. In this type of population it is possible for the alleles to differentiate and then fix for different alleles. The next adaptationist programme mentioned in Gould’s paper is the method that observes an organism as a “whole ” instead of
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dynamics of populations for most organism types that are subjected to it. From the physical structures we construct for the conveniences of humankind to the deterioration of continuity in our forests and other vast ecosystems that we have exploited to support urbanization and development of land‚ we are changing the ways in which organisms can use the landscapes to which they have evolved. By creating barriers and inhospitable divisions in the landscape we effectively divide single populations into subpopulations
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Introduction To Evolution What is Evolution? Evolution is the process by which all living things have developed from primitive organisms through changes occurring over billions of years‚ a process that includes all animals and plants. Exactly how evolution occurs is still a matter of debate‚ but there are many different theories and that it occurs is a scientific fact. Biologists agree that all living things come through a long history of changes shaped by physical and chemical processes that
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Evolution‚ the science of how populations of living organisms change over time in response to their environment‚ is the central unifying theme in biology today. Evolution was first explored in its semi-modern form in Charles Darwin ’s 1859 book‚ Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection. In this book‚ Darwin laid out a strong argument for evolution. He postulated that all species have a common ancestor from which they are descended. As populations of species moved into new habitats and
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Jilur Ghori8‚ Suzannah Bumpstead8‚ Jonathan K Pritchard3‚ Gregory A Wray4 & Panos Deloukas8 A SNP in the gene encoding lactase (LCT) (C/T-13910) is associated with the ability to digest milk as adults (lactase persistence) in Europeans‚ but the genetic basis of lactase persistence in Africans was previously unknown. We conducted a genotypephenotype association study in 470 Tanzanians‚ Kenyans and Sudanese and identified three SNPs (G/C-14010‚ T/G-13915 and C/G-13907) that are associated with lactase
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TYPES OF BREEDING Selective Breeding Terms * When you breed plants‚ the results are known as cultigens‚ cultivars or varieties. When there is a cross of animals‚ the results are referred to as crossbreeds‚ while a cross of plants results in hybrids. Similar methods are used in animal and plant breeding. When animals with desirable traits are selected‚ they are bred through the process of culling for particular for traits. Culling is the process of selecting livestock based on desired criteria
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Genetic Drift Worms Lab 1. The average number of generations it took for the smaller population to become fixed was 10.2. 2. The average number of generations it took for the larger population to become fixed was 10.9. 3. In the smaller population I started off with six variations of the worm and ended with one variation. In the larger population I started off with 12 variations of the worm and ended with 1. 4. Genetic drift caused the changes in these populations. 6. Genetic drift has a
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