Living organisms are composed of part water and part chemicals. The chemicals that help make up life are constructed mainly of carbon. A compound that has carbon in its composition is called an organic compound. Organic compounds also usually contain hydrogen atoms. Even though life is very complex‚ all large molecules that make up life are categorized into four large classes: lipids‚ protein‚ carbohydrates‚ and nucleic acids. These four molecules are known as macromolecules‚ due to their large size
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nutrients in preparation for absorption. GI tract is the flexible muscular tube from mouth to anus. The digestion of carbohydrates begin in the mouth‚ where an enzyme‚ salivary amylase (α-amylase;ptyalin) starts to breaking the polysaccharides (starch) into short polysaccharides (dextrin). Dextrin is a partial degradation of starch‚ shorter chains of maltose units. Salivary amylase is inactivated by stomach acid in the stomach and to a small extent‚ it continues breaking down starch (but there’s no enzymatic
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Macromolecules is the source of immediate energy needs in living systems. Polysaccharides are made up of chains of sugar monomers linked together‚ they are stored inside the cell for future energy to be used later. The major storage of polysaccharide is starch. Starch is stored inside of granules throughout the winter‚ also‚ Fatty acids can be classified as Saturated or Unsaturated depending on the bonds. Fatty
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respiration faster. Using yeast‚ smith fermentation tubes and different substrates namely‚ starch‚ lactose‚ sucrose‚ glucose and fructose‚ which are from different kinds of carbohydrates‚ ranging from the simplest sugars glucose and fructose to the polysaccharide starch and water as the control‚ the hypothesis was tested. With the span of thirty minutes with five-minute intervals‚ the height of carbon dioxide trapped in the tube was measured. The results showed that with the substrate fructose‚ the rate
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SUMMARY PAGE CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION As part of a balanced diet‚ most individuals incorporate wheat products into their diets; bread‚ cakes‚ pizzas or biscuits are just the few gluten containing products that people without coleiac disease‚ take for granted. Although deemed as normal for most‚ these simple foods are not as nutritious or beneficial to people who have Coeliac disease. Coeliac disease pronounced (see-liac) is intolerance to wheat products‚ whereby gluten fights against
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Chapter 1 Answers QUICK-CHECK questions 1 What are the special characteristics of the light produced by a synchrotron? In a synchrotron‚ electrons are accelerated to very high speeds (almost the speed of light). Light is created when the direction of movement of these electrons is changed (deflected) using magnetic fields. A characteristic of this light is that it is extremely bright. 2 a Explain why ice is less dense than water. Ice is less dense than liquid water because‚ as water solidifies
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Structural Isomers • molecules with the same molecular formula but with different arrangements of atoms • differences in the shape of isomers lead to differences in their physical & chemical properties • For example‚ galactose‚ glucose and fructose have the same molecular formula (C₆H₁₂O₆) but different structures (figure 6 page 30) • glucose itself has 3 different structural isomers in dry state‚ glucose has a linear structure‚ but when dissolved in water‚ the molecules fold on itself
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of the above Answer Key: D Question 10 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following statements is FALSE about polysaccharides? A.They are long chain structures containing large number of repeating monosaccharide units. Correct B.Table sugar is a polysaccharide. C.They break down to produce monosaccharides during digestion. D.Starch‚ cellulose‚ and glycogen are polysaccharides. E.none of the above Answer Key: B Part 3 of 3 - 10.0/ 10.0 Points Question 11 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points What is
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down to lower molecular weig ht carbohydrates by hydrolysis are monosaccharides‚ a term that indicates that they are the monomeric building units of the olig o- and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are commonly referred to simply as sug ars. They can be joined together to form larger structures‚ namely‚ oligosaccharides and polysaccharides that can be converted into monosaccharides by hydrolysis. They vary in the number of carbon atomspresent in their structure. Table 1.1 shows the classification of
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BIO 101 – HUMAN BIOLOGY Midterm Exam I – Fall 2007 Please fill in your name and (SOLAR) ID number on your answer sheet before starting. Do not write anything under the column marked birthdate!!!!! Keep the opscan sheet that came with your test and do not use ANY other opscan form or you risk a misgrading. Answers to the multiple choice questions must be filled in on the answer sheet with a #2 pencil. There are 40 multiple choice questions. Answer sheets will be collected when time is called at 8:10
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