ATMOSPHERE – OCEAN INTERACTIONS :: LECTURE NOTES 1. Introduction to the Atmosphere and Ocean J. S. Wright jswright@tsinghua.edu.cn 1.1 O VERVIEW This chapter outlines the main features of the atmosphere–ocean system and motivates the deeper examination to follow. The character of coupled atmosphere–ocean interactions is briefly introduced. Simple energy balance models are derived and used to illustrate the fundamental mechanisms behind variations of temperature with altitude
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Automobile Air Pollution Efforts to improve the standard of living for humans‚ through the control of nature and the development of new products have also resulted in the pollution of the environment. Much of the world’s air‚ water‚ and land is now partially poisoned by pollution. Some places have become uninhabitable. This pollution exposes people all around the globe to new risks from disease. Many species of plants and animals have become endangered or are now extinct. The air pollution comes
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transported to and from countries‚ across seas‚ wherever the oil is needed. Most people would say that oil has only a bad effect on the environment it does but not for all the reasons you think. Of course oil causes pollution and destroys our ozone layer however it also a participating factor towards climate change‚ it helps in making the north and south poles smaller and the oceans bigger. Oil is also a toxin in the oil wells that kills animals‚ wildlife and the ecosystem that may never be the
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these link up with ordinary oxygen molecules and form ozone. Some rejoin other free singles and revert to stable molecules. This Sun-energy process‚ if left undisturbed‚ maintains a fairly constant supply of ozone above the Earth’s surface. The ozone layer begins about eight miles up and is distributed thinly to about thirty miles up. This lofty umbrella of ozone shields the Earth from much of the Sun’s deadly ultraviolet rays. Without the ozone cover‚ life on Earth would be literally sunburned
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temperature. Scientists supporting the greenhouse effect argue the Earth could warm an average of 2°C within the next 20 years. In addition‚ global warming can be considered a partial cause of the hole in the ozone layer. All species will cease to exist from lethal ultraviolet radiation if the ozone layer is destroyed‚ thus meaning global warming is an issue that needs to be resolved. Global warming refers to the average temperature increase of the Earth’s atmosphere as a result of the enduring‚ increasing
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CRITICALLY EVALUATE THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GLOBAL HEAT BUDGET - 40 MARKS The global heat budget is the balance between incoming insolation‚ and outgoing radiation from Earth. There are many factors that influence this heat budget‚ some of which are more important than others. In this essay I am going to describe and explain each factor involved. Insolation is the incoming energy from the sun in shortwave ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The distribution of insolation over the Earth’s surface
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pollution containing ozone and other reactive chemical compounds formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons‚ especially those in automobile exhaust. In meteorology‚ an Inversion is a deviation from the normal change of an atmospheric property with altitude. It almost always refers to a "temperature inversion"‚ i.e.‚ an increase in temperature with height‚ or to the layer ("inversion layer") within which such an increase occurs. Atmospheric Brown Cloud‚ a layer of air pollution
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Explain what is meant by “The Population Bomb” and to what extent do you agree that this bomb has been diffused. “Population will inevitably and completely outstrip whatever small increases in food supplies we make. The death rate will increase until at least 100-200 million people per year will be starving to death during the next ten years.”- Paul Ehrlich‚ Stanford University biologist The population bomb theory was made popular by Paul Ehrlich’s 1968 book “The Population Bomb”‚ Ehrlich posited
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black‚ gloopy liquid like fuel called “crude oil”. They have found it in many of the earth’s oceans and I believe it has come from many dead animals piling on top of each other but didn’t decay properly because of the anaerobic conditions making layers of rock. The heat of the rocks and the increased pressure turned the dead animals into crude oil. I have found out that they put crude oil into a machine and separate using an interesting method called fractional distillation. Fractional distillation
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Reduces your bloods ability to move oxygen 2 Vehicles. throughout your body. Lower levels can cause fatigue and headaches. High levels cause death and mental impairment. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Propellants in spray This can affect the ozone layer. Can cause skin cans and in cancer in humans and genetic damage in refrigeration units organisms. Ground-level oz one (O ) Emissions from Damages vegetation and ecosystems. It leads to 3 industrial facilities and reduced agricultural
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