ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to produce second generation biodiesel from Pongomia Pinnata seed oil using a microwave assisted transesterification. Pongomia Pinnata seed oil is obtained after the mechanical extraction of rubber seed is using Soxhlet Extractor. The alcohol used in this research is methanol which is used to react with Pongomia Pinnata seed oil with a base or acid catalyst to produce methyl ester. Acid catalyst used in this research is potassium hydroxide (KOH)
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OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of using locally produced hydrogenated castor wax as a substitute for imported stearic acid GIVEN: Demand: 1‚000 bags per month of Stearic Acid (25kg per bag) Thickening agent – 12% of the weight of the final product (30% of product cost) Stearic acid Cost: Price - $1‚600/1000 kgs. FOB USA Sea Freight Cost - $1‚800 per container van (1‚000 bags @ 25kg. per bag) Fixed Ordering Cost – Php 3‚000 per shipment Custom Duty – 10% based
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The Keystone XL pipeline is a pipeline that runs from Canada to the United States. This pipeline would take expensive Canadian tar sand oil in Alberta to the southeast part of Texas next to the Gulf of Mexico‚ so petroleum products can be transported around the world. This great project would supply petroleum demands and create many jobs. The battle between industrialists for the petroleum and the environmentalists against the petroleum has great influence on the Keystone pipeline. The only thing
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CASE STUDY Shell Oil Company and the Brent Spar Shell Oil Company and the Brent Spar 1. The company failed to consider public reaction to their proposal of sinking the Brent Spar in June 1995 in Northern Scotland. They failed to look at how others would react and feel and neglected to take into consideration others’ point of views. They did research impacts and found this would be the best option and assumed everyone would agree and didn’t stop to think about how environmental
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British global energy company which is the third largest energy company and the fourth largest company in the world. As a multinational oil company‚ BP is the UK’s largest corporation‚ with its headquarters in London. BP’s headquarters is in Houston‚ Texas. The company is among the largest private sector energy corporations in the world‚ and one of the six private sector oil exploration‚ natural gas‚ and petroleum product marketing companies. Tony Hayward took over as the Chief Executive officer in May
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The Exon Valdez oil spill disaster occurred on March 24‚ 1989. This was the most devastating human-caused disaster in the United States history until twenty-one years later when The Deepwater Horizon occurred on April 20‚ 2010. Both disasters had a deadly effect on environmental life. These two incidents linked individuals taking shortcuts and being overconfident. Catastrophes do not happen by accident; something has to trigger them. Three main reasons why the disaster at Deepwater Horizon occurred:
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This case study is based on an ethical dilemma due to a 2011 oil spill. Enbridge had an oil spill near Wrigley. Although the company has taken responsibility for the spill‚ the members of the community are uneducated people who live off the land. The members of the community do not understand the technical jargon buried in the 600 pages of documents the company has presented them with. To try and fix things they offered the community members $5‚000 to get a consultant. 1. The facts. Gather
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The Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (HSOS) in December 7‚ 2007 spilled approximately 10‚900 tons of crude oil in about 10 km off the Taean coastline in South Korea. Due to the astronomical and irrecoverable damage upon the marine ecosystem and the overall living standards of the residents‚ the oil spill accident has been notoriously named as the “worst oil spill accident” occurred in Korea. Nevertheless‚ though almost a decade have passed since the outbreak of the HSOS in Korea‚ it appears that compensation
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Kate Webster Year 10 Social Studies Environmental Issues assignment The Palm Oil Industry and what it’s doing to orang-utans. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Hypothesis: Humans are not aware of the palm oil plantations and the orangutans Introduction Once upon a time orangutans roamed all of Asia’s tropical rainforests‚ with over 500‚000 orangutans spread over 162 million hectares. Today‚ only around 20‚000 orangutans are left‚ mostly due to 80% of their forest home being destroyed
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The Economic Impact of Rising Oil Prices in Automotive Industry The rise in the oil prices plays a major role in the automotive industry. “The world consumes over 82 million barrels of oil per day (BPD)‚ with the united states taking roughly 20 million BPD” (McFarlane). Oil provides 97 percent of the transportation fuels that helps to run the cars‚ trucks and other vehicles in the nation’s highway (Heinberg). Thus‚ when the price of the oil rises‚ it clearly concerns the auto industry because the
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