The body is capable of many movements which collectively‚ allow us to perform everything that involves any movement at all. The six primary movements of the body that occur at the joints between segments are: flexion‚ extension‚ abduction‚ adduction‚ circumduction‚ and rotation. The six primary movements‚ along with any other anatomical movement‚ occur within three planes of motion; frontal‚ sagittal‚ and transverse. Flexion is defined as decreasing the angle between two body segments or bones
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Lab 6 Biomechanics of Frog Skeletal Muscle I. Purpose This exercise is designed to demonstrate some mechanical and physiological properties of skeletal muscle using the gastrocnemius muscle of a frog. II. Performance Objectives At the end of this exercise the student should be able to: 1. Define minimal (threshold)‚ subminimal‚ maximal‚ and supramaximal stimulus. 2. Explain what is meant by a “graded” response. 3. Draw a diagram of the setup used in this lab exercise. 4. Calculate the
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Describe all the parts of a sarcomere and their respective functions. The parts of a sarcomere can be detailed once the sarcomere is explained. Myofibrils are cylindrical structures that carry out contraction of the muscle. These muscle structures are composed of individual cylindrical subunits called sarcomeres. Sarcomeres are myofilaments that are contractile‚ repetitious functional units in muscle (Martini & Nath‚ 2009‚ p. 298). These myofilaments are the smallest operational/functional unit
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The Comparison and Contraction Between Various Skin Cells By: Michael McDaniel‚ Latoya Gates‚ Cristy Barfield‚ and Danielle Chapelle Abstract During this experiment we planned to compare and contrast human cheek cells of a variety of age groups‚ different stages of skin‚ and difference in species. We wanted to see if age could correlate to cell structure and size‚ if animal and human cells differed and if epidermal and cheek cells could differ in shape‚ size‚ and color. The age groups that
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Introduction Jan Swammerdam‚ who demonstrated that an isolated frog muscle could be made to contract when the sciatic nerve was irritated with a metal object‚ conducted the first muscle experiments between 1661 and 1665. Later‚ between 1737-1798 Luigi Galvani determined that frog muscle responded to electrical currents. The kymograph‚ which was invented in the late 1840’s lead to the revolution of experimental physiology because it enabled muscle contractions to be analyzed and recorded. The muscle
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"The Politics of Muscle" by Gloria Steinem is an essay arguing the difference in strength between men and women. Steinem starts her essay by stating how she grew up in a generation where women didn’t participate in a lot‚ if any‚ sport activities. She goes on to say that she believes this is the reason why women of her generation believe that it’s not what the female body does‚ but how it looks. Steinem feels that women always seemed to be owned in some degree as the means of reproduction. She believes
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Pig Trachealis Smooth Muscle Pharmomechanical coupling uses Internal Calcium stores whilst Electromechanical coupling uses Extracellular Calcium Crystal Nguyen School of Anatomy‚ Physiology and Human Biology‚ The University of Western Australia‚ WA‚ 6009 Introduction Smooth muscle contraction occurs when calcium is present in the smooth muscle cell and binds onto calmodulin to activate myosin light chain kinase (Wilson et al.‚ 2002). Phosphorylation of myosin light chains result in myosin
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Question: How do various factors affect muscle fatigue? Introduction: In this experiment muscles will be tested with weight‚ to see if weight is truly a factor in muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue is the muscle’s ability to contract exert its normal strength due to physical stress upon it. The structure of a muscle include a thin layer called epimysium which surrounds the entire muscle‚ deeper to the epimysium is the perimysium. This layer contains fascicles which are bundles of muscle cells. In
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Stress Management Proposal Name of technique: Progressive Relaxation/Deep Muscle Relaxation Description of technique: While inhaling tense a group of muscles such as you fist‚ your arms‚ your legs‚ or your back. Relax the muscles while exhaling. Repeat. Summary or analysis of personal experience: I used the Progressive Relaxation Technique by taking a deep breath in and tensing a group of muscles in my body for a slow count of five‚ and then slowly
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Cynthia T.B. Nguyen Professor Sarkissian Bio 2710 - Anatomy & Physiology Wednesday‚ 13 February‚ 2013 iWorx Lab Report 01 - Agonist/Antagonist Muscles In this first iWorx lab‚ students studied and observed agonist and antagonist muscles. Agonist‚ which are also known as prime movers‚ are the main muscles that are responsible for bringing two bones closer. The antagonist‚ is the muscle that relaxes as the agonist contracts. The lab was a physical example to show students which muscle was which. It
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