architecture the Gibla was the wall facing in the direction of the Mecca‚ and contained a Maqsura‚ the place where the emir or caliph would pray. The Mihrab was usually a concave niche in the Gibla‚ indicating it as the Mecca-oriented wall of the mosque. However‚ the word Mihrab has been used to refer to a variety of architectural elements that vary in size‚ shape‚ and elaboration. This meaning of the word make the true origin and purpose of the Mihrab difficult to determine. In early Arabic literature
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Palaces (for the caliphs)● Mosques (temples for praying) * 4. Palaces They usually had gardens and fountains. This courtyard is the Patio de los Leones of the Alhambra (Granada) * 5. PalacesAnd these gardensare the Generalifegardens‚ also inGranada * 6. PalacesPalaces consisted of two areas: - Public area (used for welcoming theambassadors who went to visit the caliph) - Private area (the residence area of the caliph and his family) * 7. Mosques Mosques were the buildings for praying
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and religions as seen in the famous Alvarus of Cordoba‚ in which it is described how Christian men wrote not in Latin but Arabic (29). Both Jews and Christians were both protected as dhimmi‚ “Peoples of the Book” (29). This fostered a culture of tolerance that allowed for the mixing of cultures and idea that “filled the black hole of cultural‚ material‚ and intellectual well being in the West” (35). The nun Hroswitha of Gandersheim remarks of Cordoba‚ the center of this new Arab-Islamic culture‚ “the
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The Dome of the Rock‚ completed in 691 and the one of the earliest surviving example of Muslim architecture‚ displaying a vast array of mosaic and domed roof. Located in the city of Jerusalem‚ Dome of the Rock seats as one of the most historic and sacred structure for all of the three largest monotheistic religions in the world. Built under the patronage of 5th Umayyad caliph Abd Al-Malik bin Marwan on the Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem‚ the Dome of the Rock was completed in 692. It is one of the earliest
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referred to as Spain. When the Moors came they were actually welcomed and did not have much trouble taking over due to the worsening environment the Visigoths reign had established. Abd ar-Rahman the 1st was the founder of the Umayyad dynasty of Cordoba. He was the grandson of the tenth Umayyad Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. At the age of 16‚ He fled his home city of Damascus due to the Abbasid revolt‚ which over threw the existing Umayyad caliphate. He fled from Damascus and made his way west
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East as well as Spain‚ Asia‚ and other around the seventeenth century. The Muslim used this art to in many things‚ like the religion school‚ tombs‚ and mostly in the mosques. Mosque or as they call it in Arabic “Masjid”‚ is where the Muslim worship god. The great mosque of Cordoba is a great example of the Islamic Architecture. All Mosques are consisting of large columned hall whose square or rectangular shape derives from the simple urban houses made out of sun-dried bricks. All Muslim when they pray
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The emergence of Islam in South Asia‚ West Africa‚ and Europe between 1000 and 1750 CE changed the way these regions developed. It affected them culturally‚ economically‚ and politically and many different ways. During this time period‚ Europe changed in their forms of architecture‚ trading‚ and rulers into more Islamic ways. They also saw many new inventions. However they never changed the way they practiced Catholicism. In West Africa‚ they improved trade and made new trading centers but stayed
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(Arabic). When the Muslims settled in Iberia‚ they called these lands Al-Andalus. And they quickly built some important cities like Cordoba‚ Sevilla‚ Granada or Toledo. The Umayyad family took over the power and established their Caliphate in Cordoba‚ which became the most important city at that time. This having half a million inhabitants‚ around 113‚000 houses‚ 700 mosques and 300 public baths that spread throughout the city. Thanks to one important man called Abd al-
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undertook campaigns with his troops‚ their families and their weapons of war that extended all the way to India [1]. Around A.D. 700: Procurement logistics in the construction of the Mezquita Mosque – pillars came to Spain from all parts of the Islamic empire. Construction of the famous Mezquita Mosque in
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The Great Mosque (836-875) Kairouan‚ Tunisia Massive atrium where people gather‚ Colonnades surrounding atrium 9 entrances (main gate entrance for non-muslims) The Great Mosque of Samarra (848-852) Samarra‚ Iraq Largest mosque in world in its day 52 meters tall‚ 32 meters wide example of loss of historical artifacts because of warfare floral and geometric patterning Walls have motifs‚ blue glass adorns interior Mezquita (961-965) “Cathedral of Cordoba” Cordoba‚ Spain Built
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