Sykes and Matza techniques of the neutralization theory explains the motives that hackers use when committing a cybercrime. The theory is said to be that hackers are deviant‚ this way they feel no guilt towards their victims. The five neutralizations explain concerning this theory rely on the thoughts of the hackers. The first one being in denial of responsibility‚ this gives the hacker the opportunity to justify their actions. When doing so they often blame their criminal acts on a force that is
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Task 1: Assessment criterion 2.1 Determine the enthalpy change for the reaction (ΔHfθ) between zinc and copper sulphate solution‚ giving full practical details. Aim To determine the enthalpy change for the reaction between zinc and copper sulphate. Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s) Introduction In the study of energy (thermodynamics) the system refers to the reacting chemicals (zinc and copper sulphate solution) and the surroundings is everything else (atmosphere
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Experiment ENTHALPY AND ENTROPY OF ZINC WITH COPPER SULFATE The CCLI Initiative Computers in Chemistry Laboratory Instruction LEARNING OBJECTIVES The learning objectives of this experiment are to. . . ! ! determine changes in enthalpy and entropy of the reaction of zinc with copper sulfate using two methods: electrochemistry and calorimetry. compare the enthalpy values obtained by the two methods. BACKGROUND Thermodynamics is concerned with energy changes that occur in chemical and physical process
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the surrounding. Hence‚ it has a positive value for enthalpy change of reaction. In contrary‚ exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases heat energy to the surroundings‚ resulting in a negative value for enthalpy change of reaction. Enthalpy change of a reaction is the heat energy change in a chemical reaction‚ for the number of moles of reactants shown in the chemical equation. Standard enthalpy of reaction‚ ΔrH⊖ is the enthalpy change that occurs in a system when one mole of matter
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What is Third Molar or Wisdom Tooth Third molars or wisdom teeth‚ as they are more commonly known‚ are the teeth which are most often missing‚ impacted and with altered morphology. Advances in dental anthropology states that there is a reduction in the number of teeth and size of jaws on evolutionary basis for the past 100000 years. Third incisors‚ third premolars and fourth molars have disappeared already. At present human third molars or wisdom teeth or wisdom teeth often fail to develop‚ which
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Heat of Neutralization Lab Objective: The objective of this lab was to measure‚ using a calorimeter‚ the energy changes accompanying neutralization reactions. Background: Chemical changes are always accompanied by a change in energy‚ typically as heat. If the reaction releases heat (ΔH < 0) then the reaction is exothermic. If the reaction absorbs heat (ΔH > 0) then the reaction is endothermic. The quantity of heat is measured experimentally by having the reaction take place in an insulated container called a
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What is molar mass?Molar mass is the weight of one mole (or 6.02 x 1023 molecules) of any chemical compounds. Molar masses of common chemical compounds that you might find in the chemistry laboratory can range between 18 grams/mole for compounds like water to hundreds of grams per mole for more complex chemical compounds.The lightest possible chemical that one can have under normal conditions is hydrogen gas‚ or H2. There is no limit to how heavy a chemical compound can be - it is not uncommon for macromolecules (large
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Determining the Enthalpy Change for a Redox Reaction Criteria Assessed: Background Design Research Question What is the enthalpy change between the reaction of Zinc reducing Copper II ions? Purpose Determine the change in enthalpy for the redox reduction of zinc reducing Copper II ions. Independent Variable Dependent Variable The change in temperature Controlled Variables Materials/ Apparatus * Zinc powder * 2‚ Foam cups * 10 cm3 pipette * stopwatch * 1.00 M Copper
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NEUTRALIZATION TEST FOR VIRUS Neutralization of a virus is defined as the loss of infectivity through reaction of the virus with specific antibody. Virus and serum are mixed under appropriate condition and then inoculated into cell culture‚ eggs or animals. The presence of unneutralized virus may be detected by reactions such as CPE‚ haemadsorption/haemagglutination‚ plaque formation‚ disease in animals. The loss of infectivity is bought about by interference by the bound Ab with any one of the
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Molar Volume of a Gas Objective: The objective is to determine the volume‚ of one mole of hydrogen gas at STP using experimental data‚ known mathematical relationships‚ and a balanced chemical equation. Theory: The goal of this lab is to find the volume of one mole of hydrogen at STP. The experimenters will be working with hydrochloric acid and magnesium to find the objective. The acid in this lab will react to the magnesium and cause the water in the eudiometer to rise because of the reaction
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