The smallpox virus was once one of the most feared diseases in the world‚ and for good reason. Variola was a contagious virus that caused fever and painful‚ pus filled blisters all over the body. Victims had about a one fourth chance of survival‚ and survivors were covered with small‚ pitted scars and sometimes blinded or arthritic. Popping sporadically up in various civilizations‚ smallpox left a trail of destruction through two thousand plus years of mankind’s history. The story of smallpox is
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to China‚ India and Turkey‚ and by the late 1700s‚ was practiced by European physicians (10). In 1798 the English physician Edward Jenner established a much safer practice‚ demonstrating that another poxvirus‚ CPXV‚ could be used to prevent smallpox infections in humans (10). After absorbing‚ that milkmaids who developed cowpox lesions are resistant to smallpox. Jenner took a fluid from a cowpox pustule on a dairymaid’s hand and used it for inoculation of an 8-year-old
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The first time Edward Jenner heard about smallpox was when he was a young practitioner. He heard a woman that said she was not going to get smallpox because she already had cowpox. At that time it did not make sense‚ but later on did. After he became a physician‚ he founded that smallpox and cowpox were similar because they were diseases derivatives from the same “family.” Time passed and in one of his consultations‚ he went out on the field and during this transition Mr. Jenner observed that some local
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Judgment is commonly referred as an evaluation or an opinion. The word is often seen with a negative connotation of criticism. Yet‚ as much of a negative connotation as it withholds it is an action used to give one’s opinion about something. As our time period changes and the norms and standards change so does our judgment and views of the world. Thus‚ leading to the judgment of significant events that allow for the development of knowledge. This allows for the questioning of certain areas of knowledge
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Introduction A vaccine contains a weakened version of a virus that is harmless to one and makes an individual immune to that virus. In this paper‚ I will discuss the history of vaccines and immunization. I will also examine both the pros and cons of vaccinations and attempt to come up with a conclusion. History of Vaccines Vaccination is a wonder of modern medicine. According to Sanford and Kimmel (2005)‚ “Vaccines have been highly effective in eliminating or significantly decreasing the occurrence
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Scientific research has always played an important role in the development of our world. Innumerable amounts of information have been spread through communities through a variety of sources. Scientists like Galileo Galilei and Edward Jenner took the approach of writing their discoveries‚ while others like William Wagner open their research to the public through museums. Not only is it important that this information is recorded‚ but also how it is recorded. Different factors affect how each scientist
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The convergence of dreams and reality is all too common in a world dominated by consumerism‚ media‚ and pop culture‚ as Williams illustrates in her essay “The Dream World of Mass Consumption” (1991). “By appealing to the fantasies of the consumer” (Williams‚ 1991‚ p. 203) entertainment and business have timelessly capitalized on dreams that are out of reach for the majority of society. However‚ media and pop culture have gone further‚ hereby influencing the behaviors and beliefs of its audiences
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In Kendall Walton’s “Categories of Art‚” he uses a thought experiment involving guernicas in order to help the readers realize the necessity of non-aesthetic properties when making judgments on works of art. Walton does this by pointing out the differences between standard and variable properties‚ while also displaying the consequences of interchanging the properties. These terms‚ along with contra-standard properties‚ are crucial for understanding the basis of his argument. Walton defines standard
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History of Vaccines According to the Historical Medical Library of Physicians of Philadelphia‚ the Chinese would scrape scabs from smallpox victims on to healthy open pores of the arm dating back to 1000AD. They believed that exposing a person to a small amount of the disease would help them build up immunity towards it. This was also called inoculation. Such ideas inspired what we now call immunizations or vaccines. The history of vaccines begins with the emergence of incurable diseases including
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‘Keeping up with the Kardashians’ ‘Keeping up with the Kardashians’ is an American reality show based on the lives of the Kardashian / Jenner family. The show mainly focuses on the daily lives of Kourtney‚ Kim and Khloe Kardashian. The Kardashian / Jenner family has turned out to be so famous that they’ve almost turned into a brand name‚ from shows‚ to modeling‚ to clothing line and also make up. Reality show is a genre of TV show that aims to be both real and entertaining. The show involves filing
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