Globerman‚ Steven‚ and Daniel Shapiro Jensen‚ Nathan. "Political Risk‚ Democratic Institutions‚ and Foreign Direct Investment1." Southern Political Science Association 70.4 (2008): 1040-1052. Print. Keohane‚ Robert O.‚ and Helen V. Milner. Internationalization and domestic politics. Cambridge [England: Cambridge University Press‚ 1996. Print. Leitao‚ Carlos. "Localization Factors and Inward Foreign Direct Investment in Greece." Theoretical and Applied Economics 17.6 (2010): 17-26. Print. Li‚ Quan
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into a new line of activity‚ this being the reason why it should be taken step by step: obtaining information‚ analyzing them‚ formulating alternative action plans. (Tookey‚ 1975) Current literature provides us several approaches regarding the internationalization process. Dunning’s eclectic paradigm (1988‚ 1998) represents an important point of reference in analyzing the advantages resulting from the process. Dunning identifies three types of advantages: specific advantages (economies of scale‚ diversification)
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Summary IKEA is the world’s largest furniture retailer‚ offering affordable furniture catering to primarily young customers. After expanding by almost exponentially in the local Swedish market in the 1960’s‚ IKEA decided to pursue a strategy of internationalization to grow. Their goal was to achieve a turnover of SKr 19 billion by 1990 and possibly SKr 57 billion by 2000. The issues facing the company were: Rapid expansion – Could they possibly be overextending themselves? Retaining their core culture
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diversity in financial reporting requirement‚ and developing countries that often lack the resources to develop indigenous accounting standards.” These reasons may broadly be listed as: 1. Global flow of capital. 2. Emergence of MNCs. 3. Internationalization of accounting profession. 4. Administrative requirements. 5. Diversities in measurement of business income. Global Flow of Capital Harmonization of accounting practices is a necessity for getting enhanced flow of international capital
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RESEARCH IN GLOBAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT VOLUME 8 LEADERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS EDUCATION AND RESEARCH EDITED BY ALAN M. RUGMAN Indiana University‚ USA 2003 JAI An imprint of Elsevier Amsterdam – Boston – Heidelberg – London – New York – Oxford – Paris San Diego – San Francisco – Singapore – Sydney – Tokyo LEADERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS EDUCATION AND RESEARCH RESEARCH IN GLOBAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Series Editor: Alan M. Rugman Recent Volumes: Volume 1: International
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Today’s corporate world faces challenges of globalization and the Internet. Globalization is “the integrated internationalization of markets and corporations” (Wheelen & Hunger‚ 2010‚ p. 8). Wheelen and Hunger (2010) describe Thomas Friedman’s belief that because of globalization‚ “jobs‚ knowledge‚ and capital are now able to move across borders with far greater speed and far less friction than was possible only a few years ago” (p. 8). Some examples of globalization’s impact on the corporate world
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students from the first to fourth year of study between the ages of 20-25 years old. Students from IIUM had been exposed to some general ethic values in class. This exposure fit with university’s missions which are integration‚ islamization‚ internationalization and comprehensive excellence toward achieving vision of International Islamic University Malaysia. Besides‚ some ethical courses had been tough in this university such as organizational behaviour‚ Islamic worldview‚ and other courses that subsequently
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Strategies for International Marketing The process of penetrating and then developing an international market is a difficult one‚ which many companies still identify as an Achilles ’ heel in their global capabilities. Two aspects of the typical approach are particularly striking. First‚ companies often pursue this new business opportunity with a focus on minimizing risk and investmentthe complete opposite of the approach usually advocated for genuine start-up situations. Second‚ from a marketing
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The Pros and Cons of International Staffing 1. Introduction There has been a rapid pace of internationalization and globalization over the last decade. Expanding business operations beyond national boundaries while continuing commitment to local markets requires more complex business structures. One of the most critical determinants of an organization ’s success in global ventures is the effective management of its human resources. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the advantages
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engagement by linking them across a selection of service fields. At Hermes the key aspect is to add value to clients by facilitating them to get in touch with entrepreneurs alike‚ in order to enhance overall operations and the next step into their internationalization process. Hermes‚ IBC has many links with international firms in an extensive range of sectors. Links are established with trading‚ construction‚ and pharmaceutical firms. In addition‚ Hermes is also linked with companies in the service utilities
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