Article annotation. “Sources of Human Rights Law: Custom‚ Jus Cogens and General Principles” by Brunno Simma and Philip Alston. Topicality The issue of establishment‚ authentication and protection of human rights and freedoms is of significant prominence nowadays. The adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and of subsequent Covenants in 1948 and 1966 respectively‚ the establishment of the European Court of Human Rights‚ Inter American Court of Human Rights and African Court
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‘Statehood is a matter of politics‚ not of law.’ It is argued that statehood is attained after the fulfillment of certain prerequisites or “criteria”. Nevertheless‚ the application of criteria is not without problems: “The multi-criteria nature of concept‚ the tangled web of historically-specific pathways of state development‚ and differences in state forms have all contributed to substantial theoretical difficulties in reaching any wide agreement about how to define ‘the state’” (Dunleavy‚ Patrick
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Matt Clement RD Willard (9:25-10:40) Final Paper Is Drone Warfare the Answer? In recent discussions of the use of unmanned drone strikes in the war on terror‚ a controversial issue has arisen in relations to the collateral damage involved in such attacks. Despite the popular beliefs of many people around the world they sky is not full of unmanned killing machines. These machines are piloted from a safe distance from the battles or target areas. They are flown by experienced Air Force pilots who
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Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 Done at Vienna on 23 May 1969. Entered into force on 27 January 1980. United Nations‚ Treaty Series‚ vol. 1155‚ p. 331 Copyright © United Nations 2005 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Done at Vienna on 23 May 1969 The States Parties to the present Convention‚ Considering the fundamental role of treaties in the history of international relations‚ Recognizing the ever-increasing importance of treaties as a source of international law and as a
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so because their laws and customs are not the same as the US. When local customs and laws conflict with the customs and laws of the organization operating abroad it becomes challenging‚ but the local customs and laws should prevail once the decision is made to operate the organization abroad. The local customs and laws must be taken into consideration and followed especially when you are conducting business in ones backyard. There shouldn’t be any conflict because the different laws and customs should’ve
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International/Transnational Crimes Saphia Christopher Strayer University CRJ 330 Professor Ackerman International crimes can be described as “crimes against the peace and security of mankind”. International crimes are based on international agreements between countries or on legal precedents developed through history‚ and include offenses such as such as genocide‚ torture‚ and enslavement of populations. These are among the acts identified by consensus among nations as being
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December 1948. The term "soft law" refers to legal instruments which do not have any legally binding force‚ or whose binding force is somewhat "weaker" than the binding force of traditional law. These are generally‚ instruments that are not treaties that oblige the stakeholders to follow them‚ but they have within them ‘norms’ that are believed to b good and therefore need universal application. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is also officially termed as a soft law since it was passed by the
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To what extent have international courts and tribunals been successful in upholding human rights? There are several International bodies that are responsible for upholding Human rights. In this essay I will attempt to examine and analyse the effectiveness of international courts and tribunals in upholding human rights. The first International court is the ICC. The ICC has achieved some limited success with human rights cases‚ for example the International Criminal Court ruled against Russia’s Human
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place that the Geneva Convention international laws are not applicable. Over 192 countries have agreed to the treaty and international law of the Geneva conventions and their additional protocols have created a basic set of standards that all people should follow during wartime. This is not too much to expect of civilized societies who are at conflict. All people should be treated with basic care and civilians should always be a priority of safety. These laws should be respected and enforced by
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angered plenty of Americans and seemingly justified violence to be used. And also the fact that Hussein needed to be removed from power as he was a brutal dictator who was committing egregious acts of violence against his own people. Therefore a humanitarian intervention would be called for using militaristic means. The administration under President Bush pushed the idea on the American people and the world that Iraq would be a better place without Hussein in control‚ also making the world a safer
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