Principle involved | Dehydration of the carbohydrate by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde | Reagent | H2SO4 | Positive results | a purple-black layer/violet ring in the compound | Compound responsible | | | | Amylose in starch is responsible for the formation of a deep blue color in the presence of iodine. The term carbohydrate originally referred to hydrates of carbon because the general formula of these compounds was CnH2Non or Cn(H2O)n. SAMPLES | OBSERVATIONS
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Isolation and identification of an unknown bacterium Pillay‚ Esmerelda (209504371) School of Biochemistry‚ Genetics and Microbiology Department of Microbiology University of Kwa-zulu Natal 25 October 2010 ABSTRACT Different types of bacteria in various forms are found all around us‚ and it is a microbiologist’s job to be able to identify these bacteria. Using various staining techniques and physiological tests‚ an isolated bacterium can be identified. In this experiment‚ a single bacterial
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to see if there was a clearing. After doing some research‚ it was shown that B. subtilis is lipase positive so there should have also been some clear sones like the Staphylococcus aureus (Watson). The DNAse agar could not have been analyzed because HCl was not available to precipitate the DNA to see if the bacterium had the enzyme DNase. If the test could have been analyzed‚ Staphylococcus aureus would be positive for DNase and E. coli would have been negative (DNase
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Lipids and Phospholipids The main role of phospholipids is that they can form lipid bilayers. It is an amphipathic molecule. The head which is hydrophilic contains a group of phosphate‚ a diglyceride and a simple molecule e.g. choline. The tail is hydrophobic and is made up of fatty acids. Phospholipids receive and transmit signals across the cell membrane and act as a store room for energy. The main role of phospholipids is that they can form lipid bilayers. It is an amphipathic molecule. The
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the molecular biology of methanogens is reviewed‚ new digesters are described and improvements in the operation of various types of bioreactors are also discussed. 4.1 Microbial consortia and biological aspects of methane fermentation 4.1.1 Hydrolysis and acidogenesis 4.1.2 Acetogenesis and dehydrogenation 4.1.3 Methanogenesis Methane fermentation is the consequence of a series of metabolic interactions among various groups of microorganisms. A description of microorganisms involved in
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and unsaturated fats from the veggies. Carbohydrates‚ which are composed of carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen in a 2:1 ratio‚ serve as immediate energy sources and structural materials‚ with monosaccharides forming complex polymers (polysaccharides) like starch and cellulose. Proteins‚ consisting of 2 amino acid monomers linked by a peptide bond in a condensation reaction‚ are crucial for cellular functions such as enzyme catalysis and structural support. The beef patty and turkey slices being
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Study guide Exam 1 Ch 1-5 CH 1 Overview‚ what is evolution‚ what is biology‚ what is life Evolution scientific explanation for: the unity and diversity we see in various organisms the suitability of organisms to their environments is evolution Hierarchy – molecules‚ cells‚ tissue‚ organ‚ organisms‚ populations‚ communities‚ ecosystem‚ biosphere Emergent properties – zooming from molecular level out to see function Reductionism (complex to simple) and Systems Biology (dynamic) Organisms
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How would you test this material for the presence of sodium bicarbonate? I would test it with several chemicals to see if I would get the reaction like I did in this experiment. The chemical that would prove the presence of sodium bicarbonate is adding HCl and if bubbles are formed‚ we have proved the
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(cold and hot) ii. Dilute HCl (cold and hot) iii. Dilute HNO3 (cold and hot) _______________________________________________________________ IDENTIFICATION OF ACID RADICALS (ANIONS) This part is the classified into three groups: FIRST GROUP OF ACID RADICALS The acid radicals involved in this group are carbonate(CO32-)‚ Sulphide(S2-)‚ Sulphite(SO32-)‚ Thiosulphate(S2O32-) and nitrate(NO2-). The group reagent is dilute hydrochloric acid. EXPERIMENT Salt + dil. HCl OBSERVATION Effervescence
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there is formation of precipitates or not when metal cations react with the reagent. The five groups of cations and the characteristics of these groups are as follows: i. Group I Ag+‚ Hg+‚ Pb+ This group I cations form precipitate when reacted with HCl. ii. Group II As3+‚ Bi3+‚ Cd3+‚ Cu2+‚ Hg2+‚ Pb2+‚ Sn4+ This group II cations form precipitate when reacted with H2S in acidic condition. iii. Group III Co3+‚ Fe2+‚ Mn2+‚Ni2+‚ Zn2+‚ *Al3+‚ Cr3+ This group III cations form precipitate when reacted
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