through the section you wish to be ignored by the examiner. 4. Return all exam papers and scripts upon completion of the exam including any workings Question 1 (20 marks) Applying agency theory‚ positive accounting theory focused on the agency relationships between principals and agents. Positive accounting theory proposed that agents have incentives to enter various contracts. Firms themselves were considered as a nexus of contracts between many self interested individuals. The contractual arrangements
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+0)26-4 Accounting Theory NEED FOR ACCOUNTING Business is one of the sources of earning income. Whenever a business is started‚ it requires investment of certain amount which is called as capital. With this amount of capital the businessman may deal either with trading business or manufacturing business. In a trading business‚ he will buy goods at a lesser price and sells the same to others at a higher price. In case of manufacturing business‚ he has to buy raw materials and incur other
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Scoring level | The depth and quality of the research undertaken by you | The application of the research to the WIL task | The ability to apply appropriate accounting theories to the context of the task | The ability to synthesise information into a coherent and engaging report | The ability to correctly acknowledge sources using the Harvard Referencing system | Score | | 8 marks | 6 marks | 6 marks | 6 marks | 4 marks | | 4- AccomplishedHigh Distinction | * Materials referred to are
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St Joseph Campus Capitol Hill‚ Monrovia Liberia Accounting 401 Section 01 Accounting Theory Assignment #2 To: Mr. Oye Williams By: Fatima E. Manyeh 07436 March 6‚ 2014 1) BDO Seidman’s attorney pointed out correctly that professional standards do not prohibit auditors and client personnel from being ‘friends’. At what point does such relationship result in violation of the auditor independence rules and guidelines? Provide hypothetical examples to strengthen your answers. Health
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APPLICATION OF GAME THEORY By Abinaya Naresh Ananthapadmanabhan P Dhivya Kannan Vidyalakshmi P INTRODUCTION Game theory is the study of strategic decision making. It is a study of how to mathematically determine the best strategy for given conditions in order to optimize the outcome. Game theory focuses on how groups of people interact. It focuses on how “players” in economic “games” behave when‚ to reach their goals‚ they have to predict how their opponents will
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‘Corporate social responsibility‚ public policy and NGO activism in Europe and the United States: an institutional-stakeholder perspective’ Donaldson‚ L. and Davis‚ J. H. (1991). ‘Stewardship theory or agency theory: CEO governance and shareholder returns’ Donaldson‚ T. and Preston‚ L. (1995). ‘The stakeholder theory of the corporation: concepts‚ evidence‚ and implications’. Academy of Management Review‚ 20‚ 65–91. Dutta‚ P. K.‚ Lach‚ S. and Rustichini‚ A. (1995). ‘Better late than early: vertical differentiation
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Introduction 1. Definition According to Robert K. Elliot‚ 1997‚ assurance is a positive declaration that produces quality information which enhances the degree of confidence for all intended users as well as improves the quality of decision that being made. It is also part of corporate governance which provide reliable and accurate information to the stakeholders such as investors‚ employees‚ government‚ voluntary sector and market regulators‚ regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of
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of an organized system to replace the existing hodgepodge of record-keeping. QUESTION 2 Islamic accounting can be defined as the “accounting process” which provides appropriates information (not necessarily limited to financial data) to stakeholders of entity which will enable them to ensure that the entity is continuously operating within Islamic Sharia’ ah while “conventional” accounting can be defined to be the identification‚ recording‚ classification‚ interpreting and communications economic
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achieving future cash flows. Limitations * Companies omit items that cannot be measured reliably. * Income is affected by the accounting methods employed. * Income measurement involves judgment. Earnings Quality Companies have incentives to manage income to
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the society. In this report‚ it will use Legitimacy theory to explain BP’s response to this event. Legitimacy theory can be treated as a explanation for voluntary corporate disclosures in annual report. As (Dowling&Pfeffer‚ 1975) says a corporation must act in congruence with norms and society value. First of all‚ Legitimacy theory is based on the concept of substantive rationality and replies upon the notion of a social contract. This theory asserts that organizations seek to ensure that they
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