Q1‚ While pension funds hold bonds as their asset‚ they also have obligations as liability. Lower interest rate‚ namely a lower discount rate‚ on one hand‚ increases bonds’ return‚ on the other hand‚ it also increase pension funds’ liabilities‚ which is the discounted value of future obligations. Moreover‚ bonds in asset side are usually in shorter term than long-term liabilities‚ and therefore are less sensitive to interest rate change. As a result‚ the increase in liability exceeds the value increase
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PENSION FUNDS A pension plan fund is established for the eventual payment of retirement benefits. A plan sponsor is the entity that establishes the pension plan. A plan sponsor can be: • A private business entity on behalf of its employees‚ called a corporate plan or private plan. • A federal‚ state‚ and local government on behalf of its employees‚ called a public plan. • A union on behalf of its called a Taft-Hartley plan. • An individual‚ called an individually sponsored plan. Two
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A. How can growth companies afford hybrid debt facilities‚ which are riskier and more expensive than senior loans obtained by mature value companies? The Paradox: “Growth companies” notoriously generate lower Cash Flows than “Mature companies”‚ but at the same time Growth companies have to finance their business through more expensive instruments (mezzanine finance) as the information available to the public‚ i.e. the investors‚ are much less than those released by big and mature companies. Therefore
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raise needed funds? Would you kiss a pig? Organize a game of cow chip bingo? Paint Pepsi on your school roof? As school budgets seem to buy less and less of what educators and parents believe students need‚ money from fund-raising is becoming more and more important. Some school districts are discovering -- or creating -- new ways to raise money. Whether it is selling candy and wrapping paper or such items as T-shirts‚ candles‚ pizza kits‚ posters‚ cookies‚ collectibles‚ or magazines‚ fund-raising
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Mutual Funds and Other Investment Companies Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which one of the following invests in a portfolio that is fixed for the life of the fund? A. Mutual fund B. Money market fund C. Managed investment company D. Unit investment trust 2. ______ are partnerships of investors with portfolios that are larger than most individual investors but are still too small to warrant managing on a separate basis. A. Commingled funds B. Closed-end funds C. REITs D. Mutual funds 3. A
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areas of Kenya. Acumen’s core goal is to invest in ventures that make an impact in the Base of Pyramid sector and that show potential to scale while bringing in a return on investment for Acumen. Ecotact ranks high in its commitment to the Acumen Fund mission because it focuses on providing a solution for the sanitary need in the Base of Pyramid space within Kenya. Furthermore‚ Ecotact shows significant potential to scale by adopting the franchise model. According to the assumptions given in the
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Carrefour background information Carrefour is an international retail chain with its headquarters located in Levallois-Perret‚ France. Carrefour operates mainly in the European Union‚ South America‚ East Asia and Northern Africa. It is currently the number 1 retail group in Europe and number 2 retail group worldwide in terms of revenue after Wal-Mart. Carrefour has 12 547 stores‚ 456 295 employees in 29 countries worldwide. Carrefour’s first store was opened in 1960‚ in Annecy‚ France and
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Kenya’s Pension Fund Industry amounts to approximately KShs 200 billion reference‚ or the equivalent of 23% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). These funds are currently operated by statutory contributions under National Social Security Fund (“NSSF”)‚ sponsor-led schemes and individual Retirement Benefit Schemes reference. | These pension funds are established by employers to facilitate and organize the investment of employees’ retirement funds contributed by both the employers and the employees
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mutual fund and its functioning. This helps to know in details about mutual fund industry right from its inception stage‚ growth and future prospects. It also helps in understanding different schemes of mutual funds. Because my study depends upon prominent funds in India and their schemes like equity‚ income‚ balance as well as the returns associated with those schemes. The project study was done to ascertain the asset allocation‚ entry load‚ exit load‚ associated with the mutual funds. Ultimately
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religious values are reflected in their every day lives‚ both personal and business lives. The group used the example of paved roads as a reflection of Mexico becoming industrialized by converting into a nature -control culture. Although paved roads are becoming more popular in Mexico‚ it does not take away from being a nature- controlled by culture. Mexico is a nature-controlled by culture and this value is reflected in how they deal with situations that are beyond their control. My mother‚ a Mexican
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