Course Title IEQ-05 : Earthquake Geology and Geoinformatics (Dept. of Earthquake Engineering‚ IIT Roorkee) What is an earthquake? An earthquake is the vibration of the earth produced by the quick release of energy. Most often‚ earthquakes are caused by movement along large fractures in the earth’s crust. Such fractures are called faults. The energy that is released radiates in all directions from its origin in the form of waves. These waves are similar to the waves that occur when you drop a
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Environmental Hazards The Four Categories of Human Environmental Hazards There are many exposures to hazards in our environment today that brings along the risk of an injury‚ different types of diseases‚ and even in some cases death. These hazards are called human environmental hazards. There are four categories to human environmental hazards which we will discover and discuss further in detail and they consist of cultural hazards‚ biological hazards‚ physical hazards‚ and chemical hazards (Wright &
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Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40 marks). It is impossible for anybody to argue that human factors do not have an effect on the impact caused by earthquake hazards; however the extent of the effect is debatable depending on the situation. This can depend on many different aspects‚ for instance the level of development in the relevant country‚ the standard of infrastructure‚ the magnitude and location of the quake and lastly what time
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Figure 5.19 The mortar in unreinforced masonry walls such as these in Iran‚1990(A) can easily fail during an earthquake. Oftentimes the entire structure crumbles‚ leaving a pile of rubble in which survive. Shown in(B) is one of the many masonry homes to collapse during the 1988 Armenia earthquake (M6.9)‚ claiming nearly 25‚000 lives. The failure is called soft-story collapse. Soft-story collapse is a common problem in commercial building where the first floor has considerable open space for
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The Four Hazards The Four Hazards Samantha De Zee Environmental Science Natural Hazards: Cultural‚ Biological‚ Physical and Chemical An altogether diverse viewpoint is carried into center as we think as of a portion of the natural perils that go hand in hand with streamlined development and concentrated farming. A portion of the most hazardous dangers in this planet are the conclusion of perfectly voluntary conduct---specifically‚ smoking tobacco and taking part in unsafe sexual movement
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Natural Hazards What is a natural hazard? A natural hazard is a naturally occuring physical event which poses a threat and negatively impacts people and the environment. Examples of natural hazards are: earthquakes‚ tsunamis‚ wildfires‚ floods‚ volcanic eruptions etc. Earthquakes and their Occurence What is an Earthquake? An earthquake is a sudden rapid vibration along the earth’s crust due to individual tremors‚ sometimes causing great destruction to the earth’s lithosphere and its inhabitants
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PART I INTRODUCTION AIM The aim of this report is to describe the Newcastle earthquake and identify its social‚ physical and economic effects on the community. The event in detail‚ major effects‚ how the event was caused‚ the effects on the communities property‚ people‚ infrastructure and economy‚ will all be addressed in this report. Also the long term planning implications‚ preventative measures‚ preparedness‚ response implications‚ and well as recovery implications will covered and described
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Natural Hazards and Natural Disasters A natural hazard is a threat of a naturally occurring event will have a negative effect on humans. This negative effect is what we call a natural disaster. In other words when the hazardous threat actually happens and harms humans‚ we call the event a natural disaster. Natural Hazards (and the resulting disasters) are the result of naturally occurring processes that have operated throughout Earth’s history. Effects of Hazards Hazardous process of all
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April 1st lecture FINAL EXAM IS WORTH 40% Professor goes by Abhi (Obi) like star wars One required textbook Earthquakes science and society lecture will be on additional material not in book but will be guided by materials in the book. take notes (HE SAID IT ALOT!) his lecture slides will not be posted. CH.1 for this lecture Why Learn Earthquakes? Plate Tectonics they are not static they always move. they are moving in a limited space it will cause friction when it moves
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Earthquakes are vibrations of earth caused by the rapid release of energy. These earthquakes can be caused by faults in the Earth’s crust scraping against each other. Faults are constantly sliding past each other‚ but can occasionally have difficulty when the earth around these faults cracks‚ causing the path to become rugged. When they don’t slide easily‚ they cause tension. When the tension and pressure is released‚ this causes said vibrations that can be large enough to damage and destroy cities
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