London Docklands Case Study: London 1981: After World War II the population was in decline die to people moving out fro a quieter life. Unemployment was at 60% amongst adult males. After the docks closed 10‚000 people were put out of work Before London’s docklands had been UK’s largest manufacturing area of 1970s. Lost 16% of population due to counter urbanisation. Causes of the decline 1. COUNTER URBANISATON: 1. London experienced net out migration and this is known as
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London docklands- research project Section 1. Urban decline: When an urban area starts losing business and places close; people lose their jobs; people move away from the area; the local economy shrinks along with the population‚ buildings and public places become rundown and badly maintained; which means the desirability of the area falls... it’s a vicious circle Urban regeneration: Rehabilitation of impoverished urban neighbourhoods by large-scale renovation or reconstruction of housing and
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transportation system was a major issue during their bidding process. In this respect‚ London is embarking on a project to improve the light railway ("LR") system or tramways between the new venues and the existing transport infrastructure. The 2012 Olympic Games will be held mainly in East London and the existing light railway system which serves the area is the Docklands Light Railway ("DLR"). The DLR now includes routes extending for a total of 31 km. There are five branches: to Lewisham in the south‚ Stratford
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Transportation How did we define our work? We have chosen to exclude heritage busses‚ Tour busses‚ Long distance busses‚ airport busses‚ cycles‚ walking‚ history of the Taxies in London‚ the specific routes of the transportation service. Buses in London The red London double-decker bus also known as the Route master is kind of a trademark for London. It is a part of the streets of London. It has been there for many years and still is. London’s bus network is extensive‚ with over 6‚800 scheduled
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PESTEL model of the London Transport Market: Political: Transport for London (TFL) is an executive agency of GLA the top-tier administrative body and controls the majority of public transport in London (the Underground‚ buses‚ tramlink‚ the Docklands Light Railway‚ and rail services. TfL also controls most major roads in London. Economic: The government provides financial assistance to support environmental and sustainable projects. They are also lot of investments for ameliorate the transports because
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With reference to examples‚ evaluate the success or otherwise of urban regeneration schemes in combating the causes and consequences of urban decline. (40 marks) Urban decline can be defined as the drastic decline of a city into infirmity and disrepair. It is usually characterised by increased unemployment‚ depopulation‚ deindustrialization‚ increased crime and political disenfranchisement. Not only does it cause these problems but also it can make the area look unattractive – consequently less
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SUBURBANISATION MEDC Ballawattleworth estate Peel (Isle of Man) Population increase of 11% indicated in census from 3785 in 2001 to 4280 in 2006. Major impacts on the local primary (Peel Cloth workers) and secondary (Queen Elizabeth II High). Increasing class sizes due to increase in pupils‚ and temporary accommodation before more permanent provision in place. With the secondary school building new dining areas and a sixth form centre. Increased demand for improved leisure amenities. Led to Western
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and a half years old‚ and instantly I felt a connection to the country‚ specifically that wonderful city. There was something about London that just drew me to it. It was Christmas time when I first saw the city‚ so I have always thought the bright lights had something to do with it. Nearly three years later‚ when I moved to Frankfurt‚ Germany‚ the connection I had with London began to weaken. Whenever I thought about the city‚ I still felt a sense of peace come over me‚ but it was not the same. As
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Automated fare Collection System (AFCS). Such systems are currently being used in developed countries. EZ-Link (Singapore) The EZ-Link is a contactless smart card in Singapore used for paying transportation fees for the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)‚ Light Rail Transit (LRT) and public bus services. Aside from its primary use of transportation payment‚ the card has been developed as a viable substitute for carrying cash within the Metropolis. Among its secondary uses are: a) it can be used as a secondary
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Oyster Train Card LONDON Brief history: The Oyster card was set up under a Private Finance Initiative (PFI) contract between TfL and TranSys‚ a consortium of suppliers that included EDS and Cubic Transportation Systems (responsible for day-to-day management) and Fujitsu and WS Atkins (shareholders with no active involvement). The £100 million contract was signed in 1998 for a term of 17 years until 2015 at a total cost of £1.1 billion. In August 2008‚ TfL decided to exercise a break option in the
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