Physiology Linder Unit 1 Possible Essay Questions Chapter 1 1. Describe the concept of homeostasis. Explain how negative feedback and positive feedback loops effect the homeostatic condition. Use examples to explain your answer. Homeostasis can be described as maintaining a relatively internal environment even though the external environment is variable. Negative feedback loops effect the homeostatic condition by controlling it by bringing you back to your set point
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BIO- FINAL EXAM REVEW SHEET This is a comprehensive review of material from exams 1-3. Please study your class notes/powerpoint slides and read the chapters listed in your syllabus to study for all new material. What are the characteristics of living organisms? Acquire and use energy Made up of other cells Process information Can replicate itself (can reproduce) Population evolves (they evolve) What are the characteristics of cells? Contain genetic information Can duplicate themselves
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diagrams whenever possible; failure to use diagrams will result in less points. Chapter 9 Outline 1) Principles of Energy Conservation a) Cellular respiration and fermentation are catabolic(energy – yielding) pathways b) Cells must recycle the ATP they use for work. c) Redox reactions release energy when electrons move closer to electronegative atoms d) Electrons “fall” from organic molecules to oxygen during cellular respiration. e) The “fall” of organisms during respiration is stepwise‚ via
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occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. B. Phosphofructokinase is an allosteric enzyme used to control the rate of aerobic respiration. C. 4 molecules of carbon dioxide are produced during the Krebs cycle. D. Substrate-level phosphorylation produces 2 ATP in glycolysis. Ethanol fermentation is the result of anaerobic respiration of what type of organism? A. Yeast. B. Bacteria. C. Plants. D. Animals. How many turns of the Calvin cycle are required to fix enough carbon dioxide to produce one glucose molecule
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Reactions of the DNA translocase FtsK and XerC & XerD recombinases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Luhai Xu Student number 3107041 Supervisor Ian Grainge Table of Contents Abstract 3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 4 Chapter1: Introduction 5 Chapter 2 Materials and Methods 26 Chapter 3: Results 41 Chapter 4: Discussion 63 References 74 Appendix 80 Abstract DNA replication is an important biological process and occurs in all living organisms
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1. How DNA replication takes place? DNA replication occurs within the interphase‚ In this phase two strands of DNA serve as templates for new DNA strands that are forming. As the DNA separates a replication bubble is formed‚ this is where two replication forks are formed that grow in two directions. DNA polymerase creates new strands as nucleotides are added individually to each strand. As each nucleotide pairs itself to the complimentary nucleotide on the opposite strand‚ new DNA molecules are formed
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BIOL 111 Test 1 Study Guide Please note that this is just a guide to help you with your studies. There might be additional information that was talked about in class that is not on this guide. Chap 1 Definitions of Homeostasis - ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously; maintaining the internal environment within physiological units External stimuli – intense heat or cold Internal stimuli – psychological stresses‚ exercise
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Introduction DNA is a double-stranded molecule of polynucleotide chains twined/twisted together into a double helix structure. This molecule is the one that forms the genetic material responsible for transfer hereditary genetic information from one cell to another during cell division. RNA is a single-stranded molecule that contains polynucleotide chain used for the transfer of genetic information especially in bacteria cells (Freifelder‚ 2002). DNA replication process DNA replication is a process
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General View of Lagging and Leading Strand Synthesis The synthesis of a new strand of a replicating DNA molecule as a series of short fragments that are subsequently joined together. Only one of the new strands‚ the so-called lagging strand‚ is synthesized in this way. The other strand (leading strand) is synthesized by continuous addition of nucleotides to the growing end‚ i.e. continuous replication. The difference arises because of the different orientations of the parent template strands. The template
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Concept Check 14.1 C O N C E P T C H E C K 14.1 1. Pea plants heterozygous for flower position and stem length (AaTt) are allowed to selfpollinate‚ and 400 of the resulting seeds are planted. Draw a Punnett square for this cross. How many offspring would be predicted to have terminal flowers and be dwarf? (See Table 14.1.) 1. According to the law of independent assortment‚ 25 plants (1⁄16 of the offspring) are predicted to be aatt‚ or recessive for both characters. The actual result is likely
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