2 INTRODUCTION TO CRYPTOGRAPHY 2.1 WHAT IS CRYPTOGRAPHY? The word cryptography comes from the Greek words κρυπτο (hidden or secret) and γραφη (writing). Oddly enough‚ cryptography is the art of secret writing. More generally‚ people think of cryptography as the art of mangling information into apparent unintelligibility in a manner allowing a secret method of unmangling. The basic service provided by cryptography is the ability to send information between participants in a way that prevents
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Cryptography is derived from the Greek words kryptos meaning “hidden” and graphien‚ meaning “to write/study”. The process of making and using codes to secure the transmission of information is called cryptography. Before modern era cryptography was synonymous to encryption but today cryptography is heavily based on mathematical theory and computer science practice. Cryptography today deals with the ways to transfer information in such a manner that no one beside the recipients can read what was actually
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References: [1] W. W. Lu‚“Open Wireless Architecture and Its Enhanced Performance”‚ IEEE Commun. Mag.‚ Vol. 41‚ No. 6‚ June 2003‚ pp. 106–07. [2] A. Shamir‚“Identity-Based Cryptosystems and Signature Schemes”‚ Proc. CRYPTO ’84‚ LNCS196‚ Springer-Verlag‚ 1985‚ pp. 48–53. [3] G. M. Koien‚“An Introduction to Access Security in UMTS‚” IEEE Wireless Commun.‚ Vol. 11‚ No. 1‚ Feb. 2004‚ pp. 8–18. [4] J. C. Chen‚ M. C. Jiang‚ Y. W. Liu‚“Wireless LAN
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QUESTION BANK 13.1 13.2 Define E-commerce. What are the different types of E-commerce? Explain B2B E-Commerce using an example of a book distributor who stocks a large number of books‚ which he distributes via a large network of book sellers. Assume that the distributor has stocks of books of a large number of publishers and book sellers order books as and when their stock is low. Distributors give 1 month’s time to booksellers for payment. 13.3 Explain B2C E-Commerce of a customer reserving airline
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In the article Digital Natives‚ Digital Immigrants Marc Prensky asserts that if digital immigrant educators wish to reach digital naives they will have to adapt. Prensky’s claims are a response to the fact that teachers don’t believe that they should have to adapt in order to teach students. With the rapid change change of students and technology the interests and focuses of students have shifted. In addition to this change in students‚ the educators are remaining the same causing a communication
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DIGITAL FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR ABSTRACT Imagine this. You are on a highway and suddenly your vehicle stops. To your horror‚ you find that you are out of fuel. You check the fuel indicator and find that it has gone repair and is pointing to a higher value on the scale. This is a major shortcoming of the ANALOG FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR. This drawback can be redressed by simply switching the indicator to DIGITAL type. Our project deals on this mechanism and helps to explain the process which can be
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Digital library Introduction: A digital library is where the information is digitalised and stored in the form of electronic portal that provides access to all kind of database such as bibliographies‚ full-text resources‚ catalogues‚ search engines‚ internet resources‚ reference works‚ E-journals etc. Earlier its only paper based works only available in libraries. However‚ technologies have overcome the traditional techniques and ways of gathering information from libraries. . Now in present life
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The terms ‘Digital Native’ and ‘Digital Immigrant’ were coined by Marc Prensky in the essay he had written in 2001. Digital Natives were defined as students that were born into the digital age‚ their lives are immersed into technology and are the “‘native speakers’ of the digital language of computers‚ video games and the internet” (Prensky M‚ 2001‚ pp. 1). Digital Immigrants are individuals who were not born into the digital world but have come into contact with technology at one point in their
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* Merits and Demerits of Digital technology in still photography. Digital Technology: A digital system is a technology that uses discrete‚ discontinuous representations of information or works in a discontinuous manner. This is contrasted with continuous‚ or analog systems which behave in a continuous manner‚ or represent information using a continuous function. Although digital representations are discrete‚ the information represented can be either discrete‚ such as numbers and letters or continuous
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The real world isn’t either analog or digital‚ but both. Analog and digital signals are mathematical representations of reality and is useful when we want to process information. We can recognize whether or not something is analog or digital by wave forms. Digital signals often show square shapes and analog shows no obvious pattern but sometimes shows a recognizable shape like a sine wave. Because of this‚ we can sometimes form an opinion about the type of signal by recognizing wave forms. There
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