ETHER THE MAGIC OF PAINLESS SURGERY FIRST USED BY Dr. CRAWFORD LONG(1815-1875) Dr Crawford Williamson Long and ETHER to create painless surgery. In March 1842‚ Dr Crawford Williamson Long removed 2 tumours from the neck of a Mr James Venable under ether anaesthesia. But how did Dr Long come to this discovery? When Dr Crawford Long was at school and at Medical School of the University of Pennsylvania‚ it was fashionable with students to inhale gases like ether to create
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Procedure The procedure stated in Chem 2120 experiment 6 Williamson Ether Synthesis of Phenacetin laboratory manual was followed without any major changes. Data and results Compound Amount used MW (g/mol) Moles Stoichiometry/Comments acetaminophen 0.354 g 151.16 2.34 x 10-3 limiting reagent ethyl iodide 0.3mL 155.97 3.75 x 10-3 1.6 equiv ’s sodium ethoxide 2.6mL 68.05 3.3 x 10-2 catalyst‚ reaction solvent crude product obtained: phenacetin 0.32g
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Preparation of N‚N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and its Identification by IR and NMR Spectroscopy Eim A. Chemist CHEM 304 July 10‚ 2005 INTRODUCTION N‚N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is the active ingredient in many insect repellants.1 In this experiment‚ DEET will be prepared from m-toluic acid through the intermediate acid chloride and then identified by its IR and proton NMR spectra. The overall reaction is a series of two acyl substitutions and is shown in Scheme 1 below: [pic] Scheme
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hairspray. Industrial suppliers can increase their net profit of aerosol hairspray production by analyzing and possibly optimizing their manufacturing process‚ mores specifically‚ the production of the most widely used aerosol propellant‚ dimethyl ether (DME). The optimization of a thermally coupled DME reactor (OTCDR) proves to be economical‚ energy sufficient‚ and increase the net profit of the industrial plant. It is in the best interest of industrial aerosol hairspray manufacturers to consider
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References: Kajiwara .N‚ Noma.Y‚ and Takigami.H. (2008)Photolysis Studies of Technical Decabromodiphenyl Ether (DecaBDE) and Ethane (DeBDethane) in Plastics under Natural Sunlight. Environmental Science & Technology.42:4404-4409. Kemmlein S‚ Hahn O‚ Jahn O. Emission of flame retardants from consumer products and building materials. Project No. 299 65 321. Federal
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a The thermal decomposition of flame retardant free high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) and four HIPS samples containing brominated flame retardants has been studied using TGA at different heating rates between 2.5 and 10 K min-1. Decabromodiphenyl ether (DPE) and decabromodibenzyl (DDB) were used as flame retardants‚ and two of the samples contained antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) synergist besides the brominated additives. The activation energies compensation effect was observed and used for the identification
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Carbohydrate Polymers 44 (2001) 319–324 www.elsevier.com/locate/carbpol Hydrolysis of diethyl diferulates by a tannase from Aspergillus oryzae ´ M.-T. Garcıa-Conesa a‚*‚ P. Østergaard b‚ S. Kauppinen b‚ G. Williamson a a Phytochemicals Team‚ Division of Diet‚ Health & Consumer Sciences‚ Institute of Food Research‚ Norwich Research Park‚ Colney‚ Norwich NR4 7UA‚ UK. b ´ Screening Biotechnology‚ Enzyme Research Novo Nordisk A/S‚ Novo Alle‚ bldg. 1BM1.05 DK-2880 Bagsvaerd‚ Denmark. Abstract
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Blue Cross Blue Sheild of Minnesota - GenRx Nexium- Capsule Delayed Release - 40mg 30 day supply Drug classified as a brand that is not on the Formulary/Preferred Drug List. Usually higher copayment than Formulary brand or Tier 3 or not covered. Generic: (oameprazole) Drug classified as a generic that is on the Formulary/Drug List. Usually lowest copayment or Tier 1. Prevacid- Capsule Delayed Relase- 30mg 30 day supply Drug classified as a brand that is not on the Formulary/Preferred
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in Missouri Starting in the 1970’s Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) was put in gasoline to boost octane. In 1999 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommended phasing out the use of MTBE which was found to be a cancer causing chemical. MTBE contaminated water thru public and private water wells. In 2002 Missouri lawmakers decided to phase out MTBE. The state wide phase out was complete on July 1‚ 2005 Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether was commonly put as an additive in gasoline to reduce engine
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the rate of diffusion of diethyl ether vapour into stagnant air‚ and then determine the diffusivity. An error analysis of this calculation also had to be carried out. The following assumptions made were: * Diethyl Ether is an ideal gas * Partial pressure at the top of the tube was equal to zero * Mass transfer resistance between the liquid surface at the bottom of the tube is insufficient‚ compared with the resistance in the tube * Mole fraction of Diethyl Ether at xA‚O is the same as
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