anesthetic. Cocaine is derived from the leaves of the coca plant. Modern day cocaine was invented by a man named Richard Willstatter in 1923 in which he derived cocaine from tropane‚ rather than directly from the leaves of the coca plant. According to The Crystal and Molecular Structure of l-Cocaine sHydrochloride. By Gabe‚ J. E.‚ Barnes‚ H.W. (1963) the structure of cocaine is C17H21O4N. In the years following Willstatter’s work‚ cocaine was sold in various forms such as cigarettes‚ powder‚ and a mixture
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result‚ Escherichia coli (E.coli ) is a negative gram bacteria which stain pink colour ‚ while Staphylococcus aureus ( S.aureus ) is a positive gram bacteria which stain purple colour. Materials Bacteria : Escherichia coli ‚ Staphylococcus aureus Crystal Violet Gram’s iodine Absolute alcohol Safranin Methodology As per manual. Discussion Gram staining is a very importance preliminary step to differentiate the bacteria into gram positive and gram negative and also enable the bacteria to be
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the activation energy in the reaction between crystal violet and sodium hydroxide. I. DESIGN ASPECT 1: definition of the problem‚ hypothesis and selection of variables Problem: How the Arrhenius equation can be used to determine the activation energy in the reaction between crystal violet and sodium hydroxide. Objective: The objective of the experiment is to determine the activation energy. Knowing the rate constant k of reactions between crystal violet and sodium hydroxide at different temperatures
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Introduction Table of Contents Introduction Materials Chemicals Equipment Safety Containers Measuring Devices Other Equipment Procedure Synthesis of Aspirin Crystalizing the Aspirin Recrystallizing the Crude Aspirin Finding the Melting Point Range Safety Precautions Acetic Anhydride Sulphuric and Salicylic Acid Heating Observations Mass of Aspirin Synthesized Melting Point Calculations Percentage Yield Maximum Yield Crude Product Final Product Melting Range Percentage
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The reaction order‚ based on the rate law‚ was first order with respect to crystal violet and second order with respect to OH-. The rate law was as follows: Rate law = k [CV]1[OH-]1 where k equaled 2.61. In order to determine the reaction order with respect to crystal violet‚ the graph that described the relationship between ln[CV] and time (seconds) was Figure 2. Not only did Figure 2 generate a more linear relationship‚ but it had the highest R2 value of 0.992 than ([CV] versus time) and ([1/CV]
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type of way. It is heavily influenced by technology. In some form of way technology has allowed people to gain more knowledge on general topics. “2b or Not 2b” by David Crystal‚ and “Watching TV Makes You Smarter” by Steven Johnson‚ both discuss how technology has had a huge impact on the way our modern day society works. Crystal argues the benefits that come with texting. He explains that although in many ways texting has tainted the English language but at the same time it allows people to have
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Earth’s Natural Treasures: the Three Types of Rocks: Sedimentary‚ Metamorphic‚ & Igneous [pic] [pic] [pic] Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock Igneous Rock Alisha Anderson March 13‚ 2010 SCI 110 Introduction to Physical
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the sun never sets” (Crystal 75). Every day‚ somewhere in the world‚ if the sun is shining then English is being spoken. English is spoken by more than 300 million people. It is the official language of 44 countries and is known by about 1/3 of the human population. The English language is significant because it is the world’s language of trade and commerce. On a world stage‚ English is the language of Money. Money talks-and the language that it is shouting is English (Crystal 83). Throughout history;
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different; nevertheless‚ all help him on his journey. One of these many characters Santiago encounters along his journey is the Crystal Merchant. Santiago works hard for the crystal merchant to‚ one day‚ earn the money back he is robbed of. He originally plans to buy more sheep since he is losing hope for his dream and hopes to go back to his peaceful shepherd life. The crystal merchant is quite different from Santiago: “’I don’t much like change‚’ he said‚ ‘You
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crystallisation. In our experiment the crystal hydrate is heated‚ this is an endothermic reaction CuSO4.XH2O (bright blue solid) → CuSO4 (dirty white solid) + 5H2O After enough heat has been added to break the bonds‚ the water of crystallisation is then released in the form of water vapour. When the water has been removed‚ the Copper Sulphate crystals will then be in their anhydrous form‚ and therefore amorphous in nature. Amorphous meaning that the crystals absorb water from the atmosphere. It
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