COMPETITITION Marshall’s perfect competition was an illusion. Mrs. Robinson’s imperfect competition and monopoly were also away from reality. Pure monopoly is a myth. Seller can claim monopoly only and only if he has command over buyer’s choice. No seller can have such a control because buyers have an alternative to buying. Not buying. So long as that option exists‚ monopoly remains a myth. In mid 1930s‚ Prof. Chamberlin developed his theory of monopolistic competition. He pointed out the Marshall’s
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CHAPTER 25 Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly Topic Question numbers ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Monopolistic competition: definition; characteristics 1-17 2. Demand curve 18-24 3. Price-output behavior 25-78 4. Efficiency aspects 79-88 5. Oligopoly: definition; characteristics 89-112 6. Concentration ratio; Herfindahl Index 113-140 7. Game theory 141-156 8. Kinked-demand curve model 157-176
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CHAPTER 23 Pure Competition A. Short-Answer‚ Essays‚ and Problems 1. How does pure competition differ from other basic market models? 2. What are some examples of the four different market structures? 3. What are four characteristics of pure competition? 4. How would you describe the demand curve for the purely competitive firm? For the industry? 5. What is the difference between average‚ total‚ and marginal revenue? What is the
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Monopolistic competition is nearer to the competitive end of the spectrum. It can best be understood as a situation where there are a lot of firms competing‚ but where each firm does nevertheless have some degree of market power (hence the term ‘monopolistic’ competition): each firm has some choice over what price to charge for its products. • There are quite a large number of firms. As a result‚ each firm has an insignificantly small share of the market‚ and therefore its actions are unlikely
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Explain whether or not a firm in monopolistic competition earning abnormal profits is productively and allocatively efficient. A monopolistic competitive industry is made up of a fairly large number of firms. In relation to the size of the Industry‚ monopolistic competitive firms are small. They produce slightly differentiated products‚ for example by brand name‚ color‚ design and quality of service. A firm in monopolistic competition has a downward sloping demand curve‚ since they are (extended)
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Competition policy Lesson 1 Firms competing on market lot of game theory (strategic interaction between firms) It is also very close to industrial organization of firms Market Definition and market power. Microsoft case: it hold dominant position on operating systems (95% of non-apple computers) and the impact on internet browsers (Internet Explorer‚ Mozilla‚ …). Microsoft had a dominant position on the market‚ but need to define first the market. If narrow definition of the market
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MARKET STRUCTURE AND COMPETITION EXERCISES Exercise 1: The own firm’s price elasticity is a measure that evaluates how the firm’s demand changes when it alters the price of the good or service offered‚ given that the rest of the variables remain fixed. While the cross-price elasticity measures how a firm’s demand changes when some other firm alters its price. Therefore‚ the second term considers the existence of interrelated firms in the market‚ that is‚ the fact that one firm’s actions affect
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PERFECT COMPETION Competition in the market can be either perfect or imperfect. The classical economists assumed the existence of perfect competition‚ and all their analysis is based on this assumption. It has been pointed out that the real world is full of imperfect competition. Perfect competition or Competitive market is a market with many buyers and sellers trading identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker. Competitive market is characterized with: 1. There are large
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MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION The market type most consumers are familiar with is monopolistic competition a most consumer goods meets the definition of this market The key concept here is the companies make their products slightly different to appeal to varying consumer tastes. Most of these products can be made in an endless variety. MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION Despite elaborate advertising claims‚ many consumer products only vary in color‚ texture‚ and
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An example of a pure competition is a Kansas wheat farm. You can figure a wheat farm because a pure competition has a very distinguished amount of firms. They usually also have a standardized product. The biggest reason a Kansas wheat farm is a pure competitor is because they are a price taker with no control over the actual price. Pure competitors have little competition as well. An example of oligopoly is the steel industry. This is because an oligopoly has a small amount of firms. They have
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