prior exposure. The findings indicate that the impact is least in the nonexposed‚ less but still present in the subconscious exposure and most in the conscious‚ leading to the deduction that affinity for a stimulus occurs even without conscious cognition‚ the mere exposure effect‚ which is explained in greater detail below. The first hypothesis is supported by Kunst-Wilson and Zajonc (1980)‚ who tested the relationship between unconscious exposure and preference‚ and showed that positive reactions
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Language Paper PSY/360 June 13‚ 2015 Melissa Jackson Language Paper Language can be looked at differently from other types of cognitions. There is a need for language in one form or another to have the ability to communicate with other human beings. This communication is the basis to how human beings express themselves to those around them. With this expression comes the ability to formulate thoughts. These thoughts can be translated to others through language. This language play an important role
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increases cognitive processes‚ such as attention and memory‚ through the mechanism of increasing arousal and positive mood. However‚ music preference has not been explored with regard to a more common and realistic scenario of concurrent music and cognition‚ namely the ‘irrelevant sound effect’ (ISE). To examine this‚ serial recall was tested under quiet‚ liked and disliked music sound conditions as well as steady-state (repetition of ‘3’) and changing-state speech (random digits 1–9). Results revealed
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-1Is the internet altering our minds ? The internet resembles the modern world‚ an infinitely complex circuit of networks‚ seemingly finding some sort of order in the randomness and chaos. For centuries we have adapted to technological change but it is only now with the modern science of neuroplasticity we can see in detail how these new inventions are effecting our brains. Millions of people right now are browsing the web and doing innumerable things from checking there bank balances
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Writing A Report (Com 211) Running on empty: the effects of food deprivation on concentration and perseverance Donna Kandil Writing A Report (Com 211) Running on empty: the effects of food deprivation on concentration and perseverance Donna Kandil A research article titled “Running on empty: the effects of food deprivation on concentration and perseverance” showed how food deprivation affects concentration and perseverance‚ and aimed to analyze our ability to focus‚ in spite of the
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An Investigation of the Effects of Ownership on Memory A sense of self allows us to distinguish ourselves from our surroundings. Self-referential processing engages the cortical midline structures of the brain‚ particularly the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) (Kim & Johnson‚ 2012). Our sense of self can extend to include objects that are considered especially relevant and important; owned-objects fall into this category due to potential frequent contact. Ownership persuades us to perceive objects
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Environmental Psychology PSY/460 Environmental Psychology Environmental psychology was established as an independent discipline in the 1950’s and 1960’s that studied the environmental features as well as human behavior in the physical and sociophysical environment. Research was focused to have a solid understanding of the environmental physical features of the environment and effect toward human behavior. At the beginning of
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However‚ participants in the 12-hour deprivation group spent significantly less time on the perseverance task than those in both the control and 24-hour deprivation groups‚ suggesting that short-term deprivation may affect some aspects of cognition and not others. This study is made to explore certain theories about the matter‚ which will be of great help to all concerned. EFFECTS OF FOOD DEPRIVATION
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and theorists have developed categories of such errors: representativeness heuristics‚ availability heuristics‚ memory and hindsight biases‚ etc. . . . In other words‚ to err is human. In 1957‚ Festinger identified another phenomenon in human cognition--cognitive dissonance. Festinger theorized that humans experience negative emotions when performing behaviors that are contrary to their attitudes. These negative emotions‚ collectively called "cognitive dissonance‚" have been shown to influence
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Lightsey‚ O. R.‚ Gharghani‚ G. G.‚ Katz‚ A. M. McKinney‚ V. A. & Rarey‚ E. B. (2013). Positive Automatic Cognitions Mediate the Relationship Between Personality and Trait Positive Affect. Academic OneFile‚ Journal of Happiness Studies 14(1)‚ 115. Retrieved from: http://go.galegroup.com.ezp00rrw.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA321332111&v=2.1&u=lirn94149&it=r&p=GPS&sw=w In Positive Automatic Cognitions Mediate the Relationship Between Personality and Trait Positive Affect‚ the authors Lightsey‚ O. R.‚ Gharghani
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