The Era of the crusades began with a call by Pope Urban II‚ in 1095 at Clermont‚ France to reclaim the holy land from infidel Muslims who had conquered it in the seventh century.1 & 2 Urban’s purpose beyond recapturing Jerusalem and the holy land. In order that Christians could safely make pilgrimages to the land of the holy sites of Christianity. Urban also hoped that his crusade would also be a springboard for improving relations between the Roman and Eastern Orthodox Churches. If successful it
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The Muslims made contributions to individuals in Latin Christendom by preserving and excelling many educational studies including science‚ philosophy‚ and mathematics that were discovered by Greeks. The culture and idea of the Greeks were fading‚ but the Muslims translated their works into Arabic and developed
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After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire‚ Europe was divided into ‘Barbarian’ Kingdoms such as Francia‚ Visigoths‚ Lombardia and others‚ this meant that the way in which the people of Europe at the time were governed was to change dramatically‚ and between AD476 and the rise of Charlemagne in Francia‚ there was a vacuum in the system of governance across Europe. The terms ‘Knighthood’ and ‘Chivalry’ originally comes from the idea that an army should be comprised of both professional soldiers
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professional soldiers. Instead‚ they tended to be men of humble social status whose current situations were desperate enough to warrant sailing across the Atlantic Ocean to the exotic world of the "Indies‚" and who therefore expected not only to serve Christendom but also to profit from their efforts. Meanwhile‚ the Crown was generally reluctant to invest much money in territorial conquest in the Americas‚ preferring to name adelantados (individuals licensed by the king to lead expeditions of exploration
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they are free to pray to their Christian god. From a different perspective‚ Pope Urban realized the potential of adding the holy land into European Christendom‚ which also momentarily united all of Europe and made the Christian faith dominant in Jerusalem by driving the various Arabic and Turkish ethnicities out thereby giving the people of Christendom a path to salvation‚ and how it effected the typical people that went on either the Pigrimage or the Crusade of the Crusader
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Christianity into Western (Latin) and Eastern (Greek) branches‚ i.e. Western Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. Though normally dated to 1054‚ the East-West Schism was actually the result of an extended period of estrangement between Latin and Greek Christendom. The primary causes of the Schism were disputes over papal authorityPope Leo IX claimed he held authority over the four Eastern patriarchsand over the insertion of the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed by the Western Church. Eastern Orthodox
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majority of areas had an “incoherent jumble of laws and customs‚ difficult to adjust to each other and hard even to understand. The survivals of barbaric codes of law jostled with varying mixtures of Roman law‚ local custom‚ and violence”. (pg 15) Christendom provided Europe with a unified identity in language‚ government‚ and education. It is no great mystery that language plays an important role in the creation of personal relationships between individuals. So when applied on an international
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The Late Medieval Ages are characterized as a series of events occurring concurrently that expressed a crisis of the symbol of security pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church. The Medieval Church had total control over the people who‚ regardless of social standing‚ believed in the existence of God‚ heaven‚ and hell. According to the document Lindberg provided‚ the people were instructed from an early age that only through the Roman Catholic Church were they allowed to be received into the light
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APPARTS ESSAY FIVE: Martin Luther Letter to German Nobility Author The man who created this letter was known as Martin Luther. He was a clergy man from Germany and a professor of theology. His worry that he would never be good enough to earn salvation in the way the Catholicism taught‚ he searched for answers and came to the conclusion that one does not go to heaven simply through good works. He learned through the scripture that humans are‚ and never will be‚ perfect enough to pass through
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Martin Luther’s “Letter to the German Nobility” Martin Luther‚ a professor of the Wittenburg University‚ wrote an open letter to the Christian nobility of the German nation. The document gives an explicit indication of its destination by its name. The source of the document is given - the author’s name mentioned in the beginning of the letter. In the materials from the letter‚ a few main statements can be explored. Martin Luther presents his ideas about the pope’s rights‚ pilgrimages‚ the office
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