The Second Backward Classes Commission (Mandal Commission) By an Order made by the President of India‚ in the year 1979‚ under Article 340 of the Constitution‚ a Backward Class Commission was appointed to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes within the territory of India‚ which Commission is popularly known as Mandal Commission. The terms of reference of the Commission were: "The terms of reference of the Commission were:-- (i) to determine the criteria for
Premium Mandal Commission Other Backward Class Indian caste system
system can be found in the Hindu scriptures‚ although the caste system was adopted by other religions in India as well. According to scripture‚ Indian caste system was basically broken down into a pyramid type society with four level including‚ the Brahmins‚ the highest caste‚ were scholars and priests‚ while Kshatriya were warriors‚ rulers‚ and landlords. The Vaisya were merchants‚ while Sudra were manual laborers. Beyond there four basis Varnas are the Untouchables‚ and the system also has a space
Premium Social class Middle class Working class
In Vaastu science‚ the building is laid out according to specific dimensions. These dimensions are a reflection of specific basic measures with which the designer begins his layout of the plan. The following is a transcript of a talk given by Ganapati Sthapati on the Tala System of Spatial Measures. Copyright Dr. V. Ganapati Sthapati January 1997 This part is again getting into theoretical information‚ but it is important for understanding the technical application of the measures. In the domain
Premium Time Universe Space
something in this reflection that reminded him of something he had forgotten and when he reflected on it‚ he remembered. His face resembled that of another person‚ whom he had once known and loved and even feared. It resembled the face of his father‚ the Brahmin. He remembered how once‚ as a youth‚ he had compelled his father to let him go and join the ascetics‚ how he had taken leave of him‚ now he had gone and never returned. (131-132). Growing up‚ Siddhartha had high expectations set for himself‚ not
Premium Face Reflection Accept
UNIT 5 INEQUALITY: CASTE AND CLASS Structure 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.1 Introduction Notion of Social-Inequality Nature of Caste-Inequalities in India Caste as the Invention of Colonial Modernity or a Legacy of Brahmanical Traditions Nature of Class-Inequality in India Interrelation of Caste and Class Hierarchies Social-Inequalities‚ Development and Participatory Politics Summary Exercises INTRODUCTION The normative and democratic pillars of institutions and doctrines enshrined in
Premium Sociology Social class
within existing government institutions. Background and education Gopal Krishna Gokhale was born May 9‚ 1866 in Kotaluk‚ Maharashtra‚ a state on the western coast of India that was then part of the Bombay Presidency. Although they were Chitpavan Brahmin‚ Gokhale’s family was relatively poor. Even so‚ they ensured that Gokhale received an English education‚ which would place Gokhale in a position to obtain employment as a clerk or minor official in the British Raj. Being one of the first generations
Premium Indian National Congress Indian independence movement British Raj
religions in early South Asia? Tapas‚ or asceticism‚ which is how I will refer to it throughout this essay‚ is the practice of leading an austere lifestyle. Ascetics first renounce all their worldly goods‚ including family and possessions and instead live a life of wandering and hardship‚ for example‚ fasting‚ enduring physical hardships and gleaning or foraging for food. It is the belief of the ascetic that by doing this‚ they will achieve moksa‚ or liberation from the cycle of death and
Premium Buddhism Religion Hinduism
valley flowing through and also had large and well planned cities. Social Structure The order of social hierarchy is‚ the highest caste is the Brahmins (priests)‚ the Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers)‚ Vaisyas (skilled traders‚ merchants‚ and minor officials)‚ Shudras (unskilled workers)‚ and the lowest Pariah (outcast‚ untouchables‚ and children of God). Brahmins were categorized on the top of the ancient Indian social hierarchy. These were not the most rich or powerful people of the time but were very
Premium India
He became first prime minister of independent India‚ a position he retained until his death. He initiated India’s nonalignment policy in foreign affairs. Jawaharlal Nehru was born on Nov. 14‚ 1889‚ in Allahabad into a proud‚ learned Kashmiri Brahmin family. His father‚ Motilal Nehru‚ was a wealthy barrister and influential politician. Jawaharlal was an only child until the age of 11‚ after which two sisters were born. The atmosphere in the Nehru home was more English than Indian; English was
Premium Indian National Congress Jawaharlal Nehru Indian independence movement
India o India consisted of many tribes and had diversity in cultures. o People were divided into three classes: - Brahmins (priests) - Kshatriyas (knights) - Vaishyas (skilled workers) o People born into a tribe remained in the tribe for their whole life. o Hinduism was around at the time and their religion was based solely on sacrifices made by Brahmins. Puja was performed at home or in the temple‚ and believed that good deeds leads to a greater rebirth (Karma) o
Premium Buddhism Gautama Buddha