it affordably and safely from deep shale formations throughout the U.S. One formation recently receiving a great deal of attention is the Marcellus Shale formation beneath large portions of New York. In this paper‚ the New York area provides an overview of the Marcellus Shale formation‚ noting advantages‚ disadvantages and potential financial impacts of developing this energy source. Marcellus Shale is marine sedimentary rock in eastern North America. The shale has natural gas distributed throughout
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this would be a solution the ever rising prices of oil and natural gas due to abundance of potential shale gas reserves. Hydraulic fracturing is not a method used for extraction of conventional natural gas. ‘Shale gas’ is a form of natural gas‚ yet different from the conventional natural gas. Shale gas is not found in a crude oil bed unlike natural gas‚ whereas it is trapped in rocks. Although shale gas has been produced for over a hundred years in the United States‚ it only recently became a principle
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2. What are the 5 elements of a petroleum system labeled on the illustration above? Green indicates hydrocarbon fill and E refers to the anticlinal structure. (10 points) A. Top Seal Rock (impermeable shale) B. Reservoir Rock (Porous sandstone) C. Source Rock (Organic-Rich shale) D. Potential migration route (Non-sealing fault) E. Anticlinal Trap 3. Name the four major disciplines of Petroleum Engineering. (4 points) Reservoir Engineering‚ Production Engineering‚ Petrophysics
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industry‚ shale water content is usually determined by heating a sample to 105°C in an oven until weight stabilization. Weight loss is assumed to derive from the water leaving the sample‚ and this water is normally called free water. As illustrated on the TGA chart of montmorillonite‚ interlayer water in smectites is released at temperatures below 100°C. Shales with high smectite content‚ even though dried in air for one year‚ present a significant amount of “free” water (e.g. KHF_D Even shales with almost
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wells show that majority are tight holes. Stuck pipes and hole pack offs are also significant in number. The major loss of productivity is due to stuck pipes. A preliminary study of shale in sections where problems occur‚ show no chemical reactivity. Petrographic analysis confirmed the fissile and brittle nature of shale with presence of open‚ partially healed microfractures and partings. Rock mechanical simulation predicted the safe mud weight window for horizontal wells as 76–90 PCF‚ depending on
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What is fracking? Fracking‚ formally known as Hydraulic Fracturing‚ is the process of drilling straight down into the earth‚ then drilling horizontally to create cracks in the ground. A combination of water‚ sand‚ and added chemicals are pumped at a high pressure to expand and hold the cracks open to extract the gas. It is a technique that has been used in the United States for over 60 years‚ and many more to come (Bierstedt 641). The thing many people are concerned about is fracking’s effect on
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My Whitewater Rafting Experience The unforgiving water rushes past the boat‚ waiting for a false move. Called a class 5‚ this rapid looks more like a class 6 with the water as low as it is. Six to ten foot swells come crashing down from time to time keeping the crew sharp and wet. To the right‚ a thousand-foot wall of stone reaches for the sky‚ yearning for the omnipresent. The canyon walls look as smooth as silk‚ yet upon contact are as coarse as sandpaper. Quartz crystals glisten in the
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symbols within churches. The reason in which I chose this rock is because its name is very catchy‚ and I am partial to types of granite. Slate State is a homogeneous metamorphic rock which is fine grained. Its origin is derived from types of shale sedimentary rock which are composed of clay and volcanic ash. The composition of slate consists mainly of quartz and muscovite or illite‚ and sometimes includes biotite‚ chlorite‚ hematite‚ and pyrite. Slate is useful towards positions that need
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but then stared in awe at the perfectly preserved fossil. This is the legend of how Mr.Walcott discovered the Burgess Shale‚ the cluster of fossils that changed geology forever. The Burgess Shale is found in Yoho Park‚ British columbia. Back when they were formed‚ the area where they were found was called Laurentia‚ between the two mountains Mt. Wapta and Mt. Field. The Burgess Shale are fossils that remained on the ground‚ and were heavily preserved during the Cambrian period (540 million years ago)
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Solving the Case of Jack the Ripper: Joseph Barnett Sadman Abu Louise Arbour Secondary School Purpose The purpose of this report is to solve the case of Jack the Ripper and explaining why Joseph Barnett is the true murderer. Profile of a Killer Joseph Barnett was born on 1858‚ in Whitechapel‚ England. He lived in a family of 7 (2 parents‚ 5 kids). His father‚ a fish porter‚ passed away when Joseph was only 6 years old‚ and shortly after‚ his mother abandoned the family‚ leaving Joseph to be
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