Exam: Chapter 1 Study Guide 1. What are the 11 levels of organization? Briefly define each. Atom - fundamental units of matter‚ building block of all substances Molecule - atoms joined in chemical bonds (an association of 2 or more atoms) Cell - smallest unit of life Tissue - organized array of cells and substances that interact in a collective task Organ - structural unit of interacting tissues Organ System - a set of interacting organs Multicelled Organism - individual that consists
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The primary challenge of inhabiting a high salinity environment is balancing osmotic pressure. Since these environments contain high salt concentrations‚ water from the cells of organisms spontaneously diffuses out of the cytoplasm in order to restore osmotic balance. This leaves cells dehydrated and thus‚ eventually causes cell death. In order to ameliorate this predicament‚ halophiles use one of two unique strategies that function to increase the osmolarity of the cell‚ both of which as illustrated
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cutting it into smaller pieces | | B. | flattening it | | C. | stretching it | | D. | making it sperical (Correct Answer) | | E. | all of the above (Your Answer) | Incorrect | | | Q.3) | Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea: | | | | A. | have nuclei | | B. | have chloroplasts | | C. | are multicellular (Your Answer) | | D. | are prokaryotes (Correct Answer) | | E. | have flagella | Incorrect | | | Q.4) | Which of the following is not
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introducing a third lineage: Archaea. Woese devised this third lineage that divided Prokaryotes into two discrete classifications. Woese did so by creating a way in which we would now utilize to classify all lineages of organisms. This method involved differentiating the ribosomal RNA of an organism. Carl Woese was a microbiologist who made an astounding impact on biology with many contributions. Creating the ribosomal TOL (tree of life) and discovering the third lineage Archaea were contributions that
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Bio 225 Chapter 4 Practice Questions 1. Which of the following is not a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells? a. Their DNA is not associated with histones. b. They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan. c. They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. d. Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. e. None of the above. 2. Which of the following is not true about a gram-positive cell wall? a. It contains teichoic acids. b. It protects the cell in a hypertonic environment
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Chapter 4 - Methane production 4.1 Microbial consortia and biological aspects of methane fermentation 4.2 Molecular biology of methanogens 4.3 Developments in bioreactor technology References Methane fermentation is a versatile biotechnology capable of converting almost all types of polymeric materials to methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions. This is achieved as a result of the consecutive biochemical breakdown of polymers to methane and carbon dioxide in an environment
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A Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in BIOLOGY Date: January 22‚ 2013 Time: 7:30-8:30 Section: BSEd-2B I. Objective(s) At the end of the 60-minute period‚ at least 75% of the student’s should be able to: 1. Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells. II. Subject Matter a. Topic: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes b. References: b.1. Department of Education. 2002. Operations Handbook in Biology: 2002 Basic Education Curriculum Secondary Level. II. 1. 1.4. b.2. Department of Education
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Cristina Alzandua General Biology 1401 Dr. Erin Schuenzel February 13‚ 2014 Bacterial and Eukaryotic Cell Structures All organisms are composed of cells which are characteristically microscope in size. Cell size is limited by the efficiency of diffusion across the plasma membrane. A typical eukaryotic cell is 10 to 100 micrometers in diameter opposed to prokaryotic cells are 1 to 10 micrometers in diameter. Bacterial and Eukaryotic cells display different cell organization in their size and
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Pseudomonas syringae Finding a bacterium that I felt even a shred of confidence to discuss in a paper was no easy task‚ but while doing research I discovered this (probably more well-known than I realize) bacteria that had some properties that were incredibly interesting to me. The basic properties of Pseudomonas syringae is that it ’s gram-negative‚ has a rod-shaped morphology‚ and is an aerobic respirator. It ’s categorized as gram-negative due to crystal violet being washed away‚ and stained
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Virtual Lab 1: Virtual Microscopy A. Estimate the size (length and width) of these microscopic objects in micrometers (microns): 1. An E. Coli cell. 3x 0.6 μm = 1.8 μm 2 A mitochondrion. 4x 0.8 μm = 3.2 μm 3. A Red blood cell. 8 μm 4. A virus. 220 nm = 0.00022 μm 5. A water molecule. 275 pm = 0.000275 μm B. 1 Describe three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are: Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus inside
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