CHAPTER 43: IMMUNE SYSTEM 1. List the two lines of nonspecific defense mechanisms with examples of each. • External defense‚ which includes the skin and mucous membranes in the body. • Internal defense which includes phagocytic cells and antimicrobial proteins. 2. What is meant by specific defense? Defense mechanisms are said to be specific because depending on which one they focus on one specific part of the body or a specific type of pathogen. 3. Give examples of “barrier defense
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tellurite (K2TeO3) inhibits the growth of gram-negative bacteria and most of the upper respiratory tract normal flora. Oxyanions of tellurium‚ like tellurite (TeO32-)‚ are highly toxic for most eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Known for its antimicrobial properties‚ potassium tellurite has been used in selective media for the isolation of a number of naturally tellurite-resistant bacterial species such as the C. diphtheriae. These tellurite-resistant bacteria reduce tellurite to its elemental less
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Fungal contribution in the etiology of infections has increased considerably. However‚ as medical technology has improved‚ The number of infections by intrinsically drug-resistant species has increased rapidly. Despite the constant introduction of new and effective synthetic drugs to the market‚ medicinal plants‚ which are the historical basis of therapeutic health care‚ represent an alternative that is economical‚ accessible‚ and applicable to various pathologies‚ particularly in developing countries
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microscopy study of the antimicrobial mechanism of micromolar Ag+. Biochemistry 44:13214–13223 Jana NR‚ Sau TK‚ Pal T (1999) Growing small silver particle as redox catalyst. J Phys Chem B 103:115–121 Jeong SH‚ Hwnag YH‚ Yi SC (2005) Antibacterial properties of padded PP/PE nonwovens incorporating nano-sized silver colloids. J Mater Sci 40:5413–5418 Kim JS‚ Kuk E‚ Yu KN‚ Kim J‚ Park SJ‚ Lee HJ‚ Kim SH‚ Park YK‚ Park YH‚ Hwang C‚ Kim Y‚ Lee Y‚ Jeong DH‚ Cho M (2007) Antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles
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CHAPTER I THE RESEARCH PROBLEM BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Now days‚ exporting is hard in the Philippines hence the country is not that good in means of transportation because of the gap between the islands and provinces; and not all places have good roads. This kind of problem could take hours for the exporters to export their goods to other places like the market‚ malls‚ and other cities along the country. And due to that kind of problem may lead to poor source of income for the exporters
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Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research‚ 2011‚ 2 (2): 260-264 ISSN: 0976-8610 CODEN (USA): AASRFC Antifungal activity of some plant extracts against Clinical Pathogens Abhishek Mathur*1‚ Ravinder Singh1‚ Sajad Yousuf1‚ Aprajita Bhardwaj1‚ Satish K. Verma1‚ Pradeep Babu2‚ Vinay Gupta2‚ GBKS Prasad3 and V.K. Dua4 Sai Institute of Paramedical & Allied Sciences‚ Dehradun (U.K)‚ India Uttarakhand Technical University‚
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Review of Literature: Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables Table of Contents 1. What are Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables? 2 2. Aspects of Minimally Processed Fruit & Vegetables that Affect Quality 3 2.1. Colour and Texture 3 2.2. Respiration and pH 4 2.3. Microbiology 5 2.4. Nutritional Content 6 3. Modified Atmosphere Packaging – What is it? 6 3.1. Advantages and Disadvantages 7 3.2. Microbial Safety of MAP 7
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Due to the necessity of keeping the food’s natural characteristics and appearance for longer‚ to meet the requirements of consumers‚ and because of the short life that natural food have‚ certain chemical compound have discovered and developed certain ways to preserve food and extend their life for longer. Furthermore‚ there are many different types of chemical compounds were added to our daily diet‚ yet certain chemical compounds can be listed on the nutrition label‚ and even they cannot be tested
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When driving on Interstate 95‚ all that is seen on both sides of the road are Brazilian Peppertrees. The Brazilian peppertree originated from South America‚ later coming to the United States sub-tropic regions. According to an article by the Florida Today‚ it was introduced to Florida in the late 1800s for “ornamental purposes” (3B). Today‚ however‚ it is considered to be a nuisance growing up to “36 feet‚ with upright‚ thick and dense branches” (3B). This small tree is a fast growing‚ invasive‚
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initiating and orchestrating the immune response after pathogen challenge at this site [50]. These multiple roles include thickening of the epithelial cell layer‚ production of mucins and the constitutive and induced expression of a wide range of antimicrobial mediators including the epithelial defensins‚ secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and cathelicidins [51–53]. The detection of invading microbes occurs through the recognition of a highly conserved structure present on the outer membrane
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