CHAPTER 4 ANIMAL KINGDOM Animal Kingdom is characterized by multicellular‚ eukaryotic organisms. The cells lack cell walls. They ingest and digest food (holozoic)‚ hence they are heterotrophic. Higher forms show elaborate sensory and neuromotor systems. Majority of them are motile. Reproduction is mostly sexual and embryological development is present in them. About 1.2 million species of animals are described till now. The classification helps to assign a systematic position to newly described
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Animal Classification When we go to a bookstore‚ we see thousands of books neatly arranged. First‚ they are grouped by subjects. We see labels such as novels‚ memoirs‚ comics‚ and history. Within each of those groups‚ the books are shelved in alphabetical order of authors’ last names. Since all the books are kept in a logical order‚ it is easy for us to find a book that interests us. 1 Just as with books‚ scientists use a similar approach to categorize all the animals that have ever lived
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease‚ which means the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. This leads to long-term (chronic) inflammation. Lupus nephritis is kidney inflammation caused by SLE. Up to 60% of people with SLE are diagnosed with Lupus nephritis which can lead to significant illness and even death[1]. Signs and symptoms of lupus nephritis may include elevated blood pressure‚ foamy urine‚ edema. Lupus nephritis is diagnosed based on urinalysis‚
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease which may affect many different organs and tissues in the body. Women of child bearing age are typically affected‚ but individuals of any age‚ sex‚ or race may develop the disease. SLE while uncommon‚ is not rare‚ with an estimated disease prevalence of 1 in every 2‚000 population. It is a condition which appears to be increasing in prominence especially over the last 15 to 20 years. This is likely explained by the earlier recognition
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosis is an autoimmune disease in which organs and cells undergo damage mediated by auto antibodies and immune complex deposition. SLE is more common in black females (>90%) whereas it is relatively rare in white males (<10%). Female preponderance in SLE is explained by hormonal differences between genders and the genes located on the X chromosome such as TREX -1 gene which is believed to play a major role. Women of child bearing age‚ who are on oral contraceptive pill or Hormone
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can potentially affect all of the systems of the body. This disease can often be seen along with other autoimmune disorders. SLE is characterized by the antibodies of a patient beginning to attack normal healthy cells. “The Lupus Foundation of America estimates that 1.5 million Americans‚ and at least five million people worldwide‚ have a form of lupus‚” The Lupus Foundation of America (2015). It is often difficult and can take up
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by acute and chronic inflammation of various tissues of the body. Like other autoimmune diseases‚ lupus occurs when the body’ own tissues are attacked by its own immune system. Symptoms of lupus can vary from one person to another‚ and may come and go. There is no total cure of lupus. The goal of treatment is geared toward symptoms relief to protect the vital organs of the body. Better see your doctor immediately if you suspect
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus BIO 221 Section 3 April 3‚ 2012 The A.D.A.M Medical Encyclopedia defines Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) as a long-term autoimmune and chronic inflammation disorder that affects many organs‚ such as the skin‚ kidneys‚ and brain‚ and also affects the joints (A.D.A.M Editorial‚ 2000). When a person is diagnosed with SLE‚ it simply means that their immune system has turned against itself‚ and it is now producing autoantibodies and cytotoxic T cells that attack certain
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease (1) characterized by a breakdown of B and T cells tolerance to self-antigens (2). Defective clearance of apoptotic cells could promote the release of autoantigens which in turn trigger autoimmune responses(3‚ 4). Generated immune dysfunctions lead to the production of abundant of autoantibodies and inflammatory cytokines(5‚ 6). SLE can affect various organs of the body‚ on people of both sexes‚ all ages and all ethnic
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Title : Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) – Symptoms and Treatment Specific Purpose : To inform my audience that SLE are actually chronic disease which can develop slowly or appear suddenly without us knowing. Central Idea : Knowing the history‚ the symptoms‚ and treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) help us to take it seriously. Introduction I. Have you ever experience taking a drugs or pills about 20 to 25 per day at the age 9 years old
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