Water Pollution in Textile Industry
Sources of Water Pollution in Textile Industries
Process waste from sizing
Chemical processing: - desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerising, dyeing, printing and finishing
Waste water from rinsing and washing after each step of processing
Miscellaneous waste:- Cooling water, Boiler blow down, floor and machine washing, spills and leaks.
Sanitary waste and domestic waste.
PRACTICAL APPROACH TOWARDS WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
Reduction in the water volume.
Reduction in the conc. /amount of chemicals used thereby reducing their harmful effects.
Reduction of waste concentration by recovery and reuse.
Reduction of waste concentration by chemical substitution.
Reduction of waste concentration by process modification.
Segregation of effluent of each process.
Devising suitable treatment for ultimate disposal, to meet the requirements.
To explore the economics related to reuse of treated effluent. Reduction in waste water volume
Reducing the number of washing and use of hot water in washings
Use of counter current washing
Use of standing bath in dyeing
Use of low Liquor Ratio systems
Good house keeping and prevention of leakages and spillages (A reduction of 20 - 40 % volume of wastewater generated is possible)
Reduction in conc. / amount of chemicals
Optimum use is necessary, which is not always possible in textile processing industry
Textile processing involves heterogeneous interactions between fibre material - solid and chemicals – liquid, solutions or emulsions.
Essential operations involved in Textile Processing :
Maximum penetration of chemicals into fibre material to achieve desired interactions.
Thorough removal of unused/unfixed chemicals and impurities from the textile material.
Because of the heterogeneity of interaction, only limited absorption of various types of chemicals and colorants used for chemical processing onto the textile fibre materials is possible.
Reduction of waste conc. by recovery and reuse of
Process waste from sizing
Chemical processing: - desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerising, dyeing, printing and finishing
Waste water from rinsing and washing after each step of processing
Miscellaneous waste:- Cooling water, Boiler blow down, floor and machine washing, spills and leaks.
Sanitary waste and domestic waste.
PRACTICAL APPROACH TOWARDS WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
Reduction in the water volume.
Reduction in the conc. /amount of chemicals used thereby reducing their harmful effects.
Reduction of waste concentration by recovery and reuse.
Reduction of waste concentration by chemical substitution.
Reduction of waste concentration by process modification.
Segregation of effluent of each process.
Devising suitable treatment for ultimate disposal, to meet the requirements.
To explore the economics related to reuse of treated effluent. Reduction in waste water volume
Reducing the number of washing and use of hot water in washings
Use of counter current washing
Use of standing bath in dyeing
Use of low Liquor Ratio systems
Good house keeping and prevention of leakages and spillages (A reduction of 20 - 40 % volume of wastewater generated is possible)
Reduction in conc. / amount of chemicals
Optimum use is necessary, which is not always possible in textile processing industry
Textile processing involves heterogeneous interactions between fibre material - solid and chemicals – liquid, solutions or emulsions.
Essential operations involved in Textile Processing :
Maximum penetration of chemicals into fibre material to achieve desired interactions.
Thorough removal of unused/unfixed chemicals and impurities from the textile material.
Because of the heterogeneity of interaction, only limited absorption of various types of chemicals and colorants used for chemical processing onto the textile fibre materials is possible.
Reduction of waste conc. by recovery and reuse of