RURAL URBAN DISTRIBUTION
OF POPULATION
(Provisional Population Totals)
Our Census, Our Future
DR C. CHANDRAMOULI
REGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIA
MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
NEW DELHI : 15th July 2011.
Census of India 2011
• Census 2011 is the 15th Census of India since 1872
• Census 2011 was held in two phases:
• Houselisting & Housing Census
(April to September 2010)
• Population Enumeration
(9th to 28th February 2011)
• Reference Date: 0:00 Hours of 1st March 2011
• In Snow Bound areas the Population Enumeration was conducted from 11th to 30th September 2010
• Reference Date: 0:00 Hours of 1st October
2010
2
Census of India 2011
Agenda
• Release of Provisional Population Totals - Rural Urban
Distribution
• Launch of Census 2011 Dashboard
3
What is Provisional Population?
• Provisional Population is arrived at by adding the
Population as reported by each Enumerator for the
Enumeration Block assigned to her/him
• There could be errors in addition or there could be cases of omission/ duplication of Enumeration
Blocks
• The Final Population will be released next year after scanning of Census Schedules, data capture by using ICR technology and processing is completed.
4
Population (in Crore)
2001
2011 Difference
India
102.9
121.0
18.1
Rural
74.3
83.3
9.0
Urban
28.6
37.7
9.1
• For the first time since Independence, the absolute increase in population is more in urban areas that in rural areas
•
•
Rural – Urban distribution: 68.84% & 31.16%
Level of urbanization increased from 27.81% in 2001 Census to
31.16% in 2011 Census
• The proportion of rural population declined from 72.19% to 68.84%
Growth Rate of Population (in %)
1991-2001
2001-2011
Difference
India
21.5
17.6
-3.9
Rural
18.1
12.2
-5.9
Urban
31.5
31.8
+0.3
The slowing down of the overall growth rate of population is due to the sharp decline in the growth rate in rural areas, while the growth rate in urban areas remains almost the same.
Growth Rate of Population (in %)
1991-2001
2001-2011
Difference
EAG
25.0
20.9
-4.1
Rural
23.5
18.7
-4.8
Urban
31.6
29.9
-1.7
Non EAG
18.9
15.0
-3.9
Rural
13.2
5.7
-7.5
Urban
31.5
32.7
+1.2
Though the growth rate of population in rural areas of EAG States is nearly 3 times that in rural areas in non EAG States, it is for the first time that significant fall of growth rate is seen in the rural areas of EAG States
Sex Ratio
2001
2011
Difference
Overall
India
933
940
+7
Rural
946
947
+1
Urban
900
926
+26
India
927
914
-13
Rural
934
919
-15
Urban
906
902
-4
0-6 years
• The improvement in overall sex ratio is largely in urban areas
• Though the Urban Child sex ratio is far worse than in the rural areas, the fall in Child sex ratio in rural areas is around 4 times that in urban areas. In fact the decline is more gradual in urban areas.
• There is a decline of 8.9 million children in Rural areas, while in Urban areas has shown increase of 3.9 million.
Literacy Rates (in %)
2001
2011
Difference
Overall
India
64.8
74.0
+9.2
Rural
58.7
68.9
+10.2
Urban
79.9
85.0
+5.1
• The improvement in literacy rate in rural area is two times that in urban areas • The rural urban literacy gap which was 21.2 percentage points in 2001, has come down to 16.1 percentage points in 2011
Literacy Rate (in %)
2001
2011
Difference
India
75.3
82.1
+6.8
Rural
70.7
78.6
+7.9
Urban
86.3
89.7
+3.4
India
53.7
65.5
+11.8
Rural
46.1
58.8
+12.7
Urban
72.9
79.9
+7.0
Males
Females
• Improvement in female literacy is more than males in both rural and urban areas
• The gender gap in literacy has come down from 24.6 in 2001 to 19.8 in 2011 in rural areas and from 13.4 in 2001 to 9.8 in 2011 in urban areas
Definition
- Rural & Urban Areas
• Urban Unit (or Town):
•
All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc. (known as
Statutory Town)
•
All other places which satisfied the following criteria
(known as Census Town):
A minimum population of 5,000;
At least 75 per cent of the male main workers engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and
A density of population of at least 400 per sq. km.
11
Number of Urban Units – India
•
Towns:
•
5,161
•
•
Census 2001
Census 2011
7,935
Statutory Towns:
•
Census 2001
3,799
•
•
Increase: 2,774
Census 2011
4,041
Increase:
242
Increase:
2,532
Census Towns:
•
Census 2001
1,362
•
Census 2011
3,894
12
Rural Areas
• All areas which are not categorized as Urban area are considered as Rural Area
• Number of Rural Units (or Villages) in India:
•
Villages:
•
Census 2001
6,38,588
•
Census 2011
6,40,867
Increase: 2,279
13
Indicators
• Population by Rural Urban Residence by sex
• Population (0 to 6 years) by Rural Urban Residence by sex
• Number of literates by Rural Urban Residence by sex Derived from above:
• Sex ratio
[Females per thousand males]
• Sex ratio (0-6)
[Girls (0-6 yrs) per thousand
boys]
• Literacy rate
[Persons (7years and above) who
can read and write with understanding]
14
Population by
Rural & Urban
Residence
Population by Rural
Urban Residence –
India - 2011
Persons:
• Total :
1,210,193,422
• Rural:
833,087,662
• Urban:
377,105,760
Rural Urban Distribution
Persons (in %):
• Total :
100.0 %
• Rural:
68.84 %
• Urban:
31.16 %
16
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Population Highlights
• Out of the total of 1210.2 million population in India, the size of Rural population is 833.1 million (or
68.84% of the Total Population)
• Urban population 377.1 million (or 31.16%)
• During 2001 – 2011 the population of the country increased by 181.4 million
• Increase in Rural areas: 90.4 million
• Increase in Urban areas: 91.0 million
17
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Rural Population in States@
Top Three States:
Absolute
Share*
155.11 million
18.6%
• Bihar:
92.07 million
11.1%
• West Bengal:
62.21 million
7.5%
• Uttar Pradesh:
Bottom Three States:
• Sikkim
0.45 million
0.1%
• Mizoram
0.52 million
0.1%
• Goa
0.55 million
0.1%
Note: * - Share to total Rural Population in the country.
@ - Excludes UTs.
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
18
Urban Population in States@
Top Three States:
Absolute
Share*
• Maharashtra
50.8 million
13.5%
• Uttar Pradesh
44.4 million
11.8%
• Tamil Nadu
34.9 million
9.3%
• Sikkim
0.15 million
Negligible
• Arunachal Pradesh
0.31 million
0.1%
• Mizoram
0.56 million
0.1%
Bottom Three States:
Note: * - Share to total Urban Population in the country.
@ - Excludes UTs.
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
19
Trends in Rural Urban Distribution of Population
- India (in %) (1901, 1951, 2011)
1901
CENSUS
India
89.2
2011
CENSUS
India
10.8
68.8
1951
CENSUS
31.2
India
82.7
17.3
Rural
Urban
20
Variation in Rural Population from 2001 to
2011 Censuses - INDIA
• During 2001-11 the growth of Rural Population has been 12.18%
• Growth in Rural Population in India is steadily declining since 1991
• Meghalaya (27%) & Bihar (24%) witnessed largest growth among
States in 2001-11
• Four States recorded decline in Rural Population during 2001-11.
These are Kerala (by 26%), Goa (19%), Nagaland (15%) &
Sikkim (5%).
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
21
Growth Rates (Rural)
India, EAG & Non-EAG States
• General decline in Rural
Growth Rate among all the three categories during the last decade
2001-11
25
• Whereas Non-EAG States have shown decline in growth since 1971-81, the EAG States have declined only during the last decade.
17
21
19
21.88
20.64
22.74
21.86
20.85
19.26
22.40
20.31
19.32
18.47
20.04
18.09
18.72
India
17.98
EAG
States
15
13
13.22
12.18
11
NonEAG
States
9
7
19912001
19811991
19711981
19611971
5
20012011
5.73
19511961
• The Growth in Rural
Areas in Non-EAG States during 2001-11 has sharply declined to
5.71%.
23
23.47
EAG States are Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Orissa
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
22
Variation in Urban Population from 2001 to 2011 Censuses - India
• There has been a spurt in growth of population in Urban areas in the country, which could be due to:
• Migration
• Natural increase and
• Inclusion of new areas under ‘Urban’
• More than 30% growth in Urban population in States, viz.,
Sikkim (153%), Kerala (93%), Tripura (76%) is significant.
23
Growth Rates (Urban)
India, EAG & Non-EAG States
65
60
58.75
55
50
India
46.14
45
40
39.19
EAG States
38.51
37.85
41.09
36.44
38.23
35
35.50
31.60
31.51
31.80
32.66
30
31.47
26.99
25
Non-EAG
States
29.92
26.41
24.97
2001-2011
1991-2001
1981-1991
1971-1981
1961-1971
1951-1961
20
EAG States are Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Orissa
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
24
Percentage share of Urban Population in
Total Population – India, 2001 & 2011
INDIA
2001
INDIA
2011
25
Child Population (0-6 years)
26
Child Population (0-6 years)
• The Child Population in India declined by 5.0 million (or
– 3.0 %) between 2001 and 2011
• This is due to the sharp decline of 8.9 million (or –
7.0%) in child population in Rural areas
• In Urban areas, the child population increased by 3.9 million (or +10.3 %)
• In 28 States/UTs there is a decline in the proportion of
Child Population in Rural Areas between 2001 & 2011
Censuses
• In one UT there is a similar decline in the Urban Areas.
27
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Child Population (0-6) by Residence
India (1961 – 2011)
180
163.8
160
150.4
Child Population (in million)
140
115.7
120
100
80
158.8
124.2
126.5
116.8
95.3
95.2
117.6
Total
97.6
Rural
Urban
80.7
60
40
20
15.7
20.5
26.6
33.6
37.3
41.2
0
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
Census year
28
Gender Composition Sex Ratio
29
Gender Composition of Population by Residence – India 2001 - 2011
2001
Indicator
Population
(in m)
2011
Proportion
(in %)
Population
(in m)
Proportion (in
%)
Rural:
Males
381.7
51.4
427.9
51.4
Females
360.9
48.6
405.1
48.6
Sex ratio
946
947
Urban:
Males
150.6
52.6
195.8
51.9
Females
135.6
47.4
181.3
48.1
Sex ratio
900
926
30
Sex Ratio
• Visibility of women has increased both in Rural and Urban areas. • The Sex Ratio in the country has risen from 933 in 2001 to
940 in 2011
• For Rural Areas in the country as a whole there has been an increase by only 1 point from 946 in 2001 to 947 in 2011
• In Urban areas there has been an appreciable gain of 26 points from 900 in 2001 to 926 in 2011
• In 10 States & UTs Urban Sex Ratio is higher than the Rural
Sex Ratio in Census 2011. This includes Tamil Nadu, Kerala and NCT Delhi.
31
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Gender Composition
(0-6 yrs) - Sex Ratio
32
Gender Composition of Population (0-6) by Residence – India 2001 - 2011
2001
Indicator
Population
(in m)
2011
Proportion
(in %)
Population
(in m)
Proportion (in
%)
Rural:
Males
65.42
51.7
61.29
52.1
Females
61.07
48.3
56.30
47.9
Sex ratio
934
919
Urban:
Males
19.59
52.5
21.67
52.6
Females
17.76
47.5
19.54
48.3
Sex ratio
906
902
33
Child Sex Ratio (0-6)
• The Child Sex Ratio (0-6) in the country in Census
2011 has recorded as the lowest since 1961 Census at
914.
• It has declined by 13 points from 927 in 2001
• In Rural areas the fall is significant (-15 points) from
934 in 2001 to 919 in 2011
• In Urban areas the decline is limited to 4 points from
906 in 2001 to 902 in 2011.
34
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Status of Literacy
35
Number of Literates – Census 2011
• The number of Literates in India is 778.5 million
• Rural : 493.0 million
• Urban : 285.4 million
• There has been an increase of 217.8 million literates since last Census in 2001
• Out of this, 131.1 million were in Rural areas and 86.6 million in Urban areas
36
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Literacy Rate - Census 2011
Residence
Sex
2001
2011
Change
Rural
Persons
58.74
68.91
+ 10.17
Males
70.70
78.57
+ 7.87
Females
46.13
58.75
+ 12.62
Persons
79.92
84.98
+ 5.06
Males
86.27
89.67
+ 3.4
Females
72.86
79.92
+ 7.06
Urban
37
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Literacy Rate : Rural – Census 2011
• Pace of increase in Female
Literacy Rate is perceptibly higher in Rural areas.
90
70.70
70
• It has increased from
46.13% in 2001 to
58.75% in 2011
50
40
30
37.49
26.49
42.98
26.12
26.91
46.13
Females
30.17
24.57
26.79
20
10
48.26
11.00
16.86
Males
58.75
56.96
60
Percent
• Gender gap in Literacy
Rate has narrowed down considerably over the
Censuses but continue to be high (19.81).
78.57
80
19.82
21.35
0
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
Male-Female gap in literacy rate Census year
• This gap is largest in
Rajasthan (31.2 points)
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
38
Literacy Rate: Urban – Census 2011
• There has been a consistent increase in both Male & Female
Literacy Rate in Urban areas 90
80
70
70.77
74.64
81.09
78.56
30
89.67
Males
72.86
50
40
86.27
79.92
60
43.75
27.02
20
Percent
• The steady increase in the Female Literacy Rate has reduced the gender gap significantly
100
52.54
22.10
64.05
58.07
20.49
17.04
Females
13.41
10
9.75
0
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
Male-Female gap in literacy rate 2011
Census year
39
Source: Census 2011 – Provisional Population Totals - India
Thank you http://www.censusindia.gov.in
You May Also Find These Documents Helpful
-
Puck, instead of squeezing the flower juice on Demetrius and making him fall in love with Helena, he squeezed the flower juice on Lysander who was supposed to be in love with Hermia. When Lysander woke up, he saw Helena so that made him fall in love with Helena. This affects him because he said all of those things to her and was supposed…
- 475 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
Under this high-fertility assumption, in which five-year period would India’s population surpass the world’s current entire population of 7.125 billion? ________________________.…
- 2099 Words
- 9 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
Here, ending work in process materials = 3000 x 85% = 2,550 & conversion 3000 x 45% =1,350…
- 342 Words
- 10 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION: Each question will ask you to provide the proper term in the blank space.…
- 425 Words
- 5 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
Our group tried to target students and creators again. We increased sales and market shares to these two groups, and to the other four groups too. Student market share went from 34.7% in decision 3 to 44.7% in decision 4, Home Users went from 21.9% to 29.5%, Assistants went from 4.5% to 5.4%, Creators went from 20.4% to 24.5%, Managers went from 7.7% to 9.8%, and Parents went from 12.9% to 19.9%.…
- 4198 Words
- 17 Pages
Good Essays -
When Fowler first meets Pyle he involuntarily likes him. He is quiet (unlike most of the Americans that Fowler comes into contact with), thoughtful, and naive. Pyle’s intentions in Vietnam are ernest: “He was determined – I learned very soon – to do good, not to any individual person, but to a country, a continent, a world.” (Greene 32) Pyle is obsessed with an author called York Harding, an American who writes about the virtues of democracy and especially about a “third force” in Vietnam. The third force would be a native army fighting for democracy. Later in the book it becomes obvious that though Pyle’s intentions are invariably good, he isn’t self aware and is consequentially destructive. At one point Fowler converses with Pyle: “I’ve been to India, Pyle, and I know the harm liberals do. We haven’t a liberal party anymore – liberalism’s infected all the other parties. We are all either liberal conservatives or liberal socialists; we all have a good conscience. I’d rather be an exploiter who fights for what he exploits, and dies with it. Look at the history of Burma. We go and invade the country; the local tribes support us; we are victorious; but like you Americans we weren’t colonialists in those days. Oh no, we made peace with the king and we handed him back his province and left our allies to be crucified and sawn in two. They were innocent. They though we’d stay. But we were liberals and we didn’t want a bad conscience.” (121) In that situation there is no doubt that Pyle is the liberal. His actions are all selfishly motivated because they all serve to qualm his own ideals, his own moral standards; he never stops to see the concrete results of his actions. Though Pyle’s blind belief in an ideal is at first endearing (if mildly annoying), he goes too far when he plants a bomb in a crowded market in Saigon at the bequest of General The, who he believes is the “third force”. Fowler is initially livid at Pyle for causing the deaths, but after berating him…
- 643 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
The owners of Pro Performance, Inc. make a profit for the owners for the first time in their history and decide to pay themselves a dividend.…
- 1445 Words
- 6 Pages
Good Essays -
Residential schools were seen by the Canadian government as a way to civilize the native population and keep their children from continuing in their native traditions. In 1895 Rev Fr A.M Carion stated in a report from a residential school in Kamloops, British Columbia that the purpose of the residential school is to civilize the Indian and to make them good, useful and law abiding members of society with strict punishments for any wrong doings. 1 Richard Pratt, who founded the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, one of the first of the reservation schools in the United States, preached “you must kill the Indian in him; to save the man”. These ideals were later adopted by the Canadian government. 2 The goal of residential schools was to assimilate Aboriginals into white society through children since they were much more susceptible to influence. This research paper will focus on the residential school system and will argue that the Canadian government and churches committed genocide amongst the indigenous populations in an attempt to eliminate the native culture. It will focus on the history of residential schools in Canada, their intended targets, the health and quality of life of the Aboriginals attending these schools, the sterilization of Aboriginal women, those who succeeded in the school system, and what has changed since the opening of the schools.…
- 4111 Words
- 17 Pages
Best Essays -
What will happen if United States declare its official language as English? Will the country continue to accept immigrants afterward? It will probably be the end of the long history of the immigration in the country. It will need additional one or two generations to fully shift their languages to English. What about the legal U.S. citizens immigrated to this country and have continued to use their mother language until today? Do they have to switch their language to English regardless of their own long history in this country? Why do they have to do so? Additionally, it will have to solve numerous problems related to the issue of multilingualism in order to be monolingual. Rejecting to be multilingual will mean in rejecting to be America. Immigrants do not need to shift their language to English as quickly as possible, yet their culture and language should be treated with respect and integrated rather than assimilated into American society.…
- 1191 Words
- 4 Pages
Better Essays -
“The lottery” is a story that begins describing a village. The first descriptions that took my attention were “flowers were blossoming profusely” and “the grass was richly green”. After describing the village it passes to what people are doing. It says that they are getting together for an event, which is the lottery. All the heads of the family, who were men, had to drawn for their family. This had been going since before the oldest man in the village was born. We don’t really know the reason of this lottery until we get to the part where Old Man Warner starts mocking the young people around the other villages, who had stopped doing the lottery. He says “Used to be saying about ‘Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon.’ This shows that that’s their tradition of getting heavier fields with corn, and their tradition was to stone one person for everyone else to be happy.…
- 492 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
Bang! The gun rang throughout the glistening Olympic stadium in Sydney. Marion Jones claimed her first gold in the 100m dash. After the exciting two week competition ended, three gold medals and two bronze medals glimmered around the neck of the beautiful and gifted athlete, Marion Jones. Everything seemed to click that year for the three-time Olympic champion, but her tremendous performances led critics to question whether she had used performance-enhancing drugs. After denying any allegation of taking illegal substances, in 2007, Marion Jones announced the she “unknowingly” took performance-enhancing drugs in 2000 and 2001. Along with the five medals, her pride and respect were infamously ripped from her. After gaining legendary status at the Sydney Olympics in 2000, similar to Hester Prynne in the Scarlet Letter, Marion Jones was shunned from society after admitting that she unknowingly took performance-enhancing drugs.…
- 793 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
First of all, quite big population of urban areas (22% of Indians) lives in urban settings and it is growing due to migration. Also, for almost 20 years GDP grew almost by 146 times that evidences economic growth.…
- 983 Words
- 5 Pages
Better Essays -
1961 to 37.33 percent in 2001. However the share of Haryana, Rajasthan & UP sub-regions is…
- 7631 Words
- 172 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
Distribution of literate youth by location Population million % distribution Census NYRS Census NYRS Annual 2001 2009 2001 2009 growth (%) Rural Urban All India 174.8 98.4 273.2 206.6 126.1 332.7 64.0 36.0 100.0 62.1 37.9 100.0 2.11 3.15 2.49…
- 2441 Words
- 10 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
The male graph shows that in 2007 the lowest literacy rate was in Burkina Faso and Chad with around 40%, while the worst female literacy rates were recorded in the same countries with around 20%, which is only the half of the male literacy rates. These data clearly support the statement that gender gap exists.…
- 916 Words
- 4 Pages
Satisfactory Essays