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L'Equilibrio in Condizioni Di Oligopolio: Collisioni Di Strategie O Strategie Collusive? Dall'Approccio Classico Alla Moderna Teoria Dei Giochi.

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L'Equilibrio in Condizioni Di Oligopolio: Collisioni Di Strategie O Strategie Collusive? Dall'Approccio Classico Alla Moderna Teoria Dei Giochi.
INTRODUZIONE

Le TEORIE DELL’OLIGOPOLIO studiano settori in cui si verificano situazioni intermedie tra le due forme di mercato “pure”, CONCORRENZA PERFETTA e MONOPOLIO, la cui caratteristica comune, che nasce dalla competizione tra un numero limitato di produttori, è l’influenza che le scelte di ciascuna impresa determinano sulle scelte delle altre modificandone i profitti; l’analisi in questione consiste quindi nell’attenta ricostruzione dell’interazione che si determina fra tutte le imprese che operano nello stesso mercato.
Per tali ragioni gli sviluppi della teoria dell’oligopolio si sono sempre intrecciati con lo studio delle interazioni strategiche. Questa analisi cercherà di ricostruire le caratteristiche fondamentali della competizione oligopolistica ed in particolar modo le condizioni di equilibrio raggiungibili dalle imprese nei diversi modelli teorici dello studio dei mercati oligopolistici, dall’approccio classico alla più moderna TEORIA DEI GIOCHI.
Nella realtà assistiamo ad un forte dinamismo dei settori oligopolistici caratterizzato da due distinte “spinte” che si rincorrono, e non da un insieme di condizioni date che garantiscano un solo punto di equilibrio, che sono da un lato la ricerca di condizioni di convivenza nel mercato, evitando forme di competizione troppo accese (collusione), e dall’altro l’impegno di ogni partecipante ad introdurre a proprio vantaggio quelle asimmetrie informative che permettano il conseguimento di una posizione dominante (collisione).
Questa dinamicità di stimoli e risposte tipica dell’interdipendenza strategica delle azioni implementabili in un contesto oligopolistico è alla base del passaggio dalle teorie economiche classiche a quelle moderne, che permettono una lettura ed un’interpretazione della realtà, non più statica o tendente a posizioni statiche, ma così com’è, cioè un continuo divenire nel quale le imprese adottano strategie variabili seguendo da un lato gli andamenti dei mercati e dall’altro i

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