Geography revision notes AS
GEOGRAPHY AS LEVEL REVISION NOTES:
Population Change
All Definitions:
Population structure: the breakdown of a country’s population into groups defined by age and sex.
Death Rate: the number of deaths per thousand population per year, expressed as deaths per thousand
Age specific Death Rate: this shows death rates per thousand population by sex or age groups.
Birth Rate: the number of live births per thousand population per year, expressed as births per thousand
Infant Mortality: a measure of the number of infants dying under one year of age, expressed as the number of deaths per thousand live births per year
Natural Increase/Decrease: the difference between the numbers of births and deaths for every hundred people per year expressed as a percentage
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus, which attacks the immune system of people who are infected. Infection is caused when body fluids from an infected person are passed into the body of another. This can happen through unprotected sexual intercourse, blood transfusions, sharing needles, or from mother to baby during birth.
Aids: acquired immune deficiency syndrome; a group of infections, including pneumonia, TB and skin cancers that strike people whose immune system has been damaged by the HIV virus.
Dependency Ratio: shows how many young people (u-16) and older people (over 64) depend on people of working age (16-64). Countries with a high dependency ratio have more people who are not of working age, and fewer who are working and paying taxes. The higher the number the more people who need looking after.
Life Expectancy: the average age to which the population lives. It is expressed in terms of years. Male and female figures are often given separately.
Optimum Population: the population at which the quality of life of the people of a country or a region is the highest possible, at a given level of technological development.
Overpopulation: when any increase in population reduces the average quality of life
Population Change
All Definitions:
Population structure: the breakdown of a country’s population into groups defined by age and sex.
Death Rate: the number of deaths per thousand population per year, expressed as deaths per thousand
Age specific Death Rate: this shows death rates per thousand population by sex or age groups.
Birth Rate: the number of live births per thousand population per year, expressed as births per thousand
Infant Mortality: a measure of the number of infants dying under one year of age, expressed as the number of deaths per thousand live births per year
Natural Increase/Decrease: the difference between the numbers of births and deaths for every hundred people per year expressed as a percentage
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus, which attacks the immune system of people who are infected. Infection is caused when body fluids from an infected person are passed into the body of another. This can happen through unprotected sexual intercourse, blood transfusions, sharing needles, or from mother to baby during birth.
Aids: acquired immune deficiency syndrome; a group of infections, including pneumonia, TB and skin cancers that strike people whose immune system has been damaged by the HIV virus.
Dependency Ratio: shows how many young people (u-16) and older people (over 64) depend on people of working age (16-64). Countries with a high dependency ratio have more people who are not of working age, and fewer who are working and paying taxes. The higher the number the more people who need looking after.
Life Expectancy: the average age to which the population lives. It is expressed in terms of years. Male and female figures are often given separately.
Optimum Population: the population at which the quality of life of the people of a country or a region is the highest possible, at a given level of technological development.
Overpopulation: when any increase in population reduces the average quality of life