a & p chapter 7
Axial
head, neck, & trunkskeleton of the torso & skull
Appendicular
upper & lower limbsskeleton of the appendages
Long Bones
have long longitudinal axes and expanded endsEx. forearm, thigh bones,femur
Short Bones
somewhat cubelike, with their lengths and widths roughly equalEx. carpals(wrist), ankles
Flat Bones
platelike structures with broad surfacesEx. ribs, scapulae, some skull bones
Irregular Bones
have variety of shapes and are usually connected to several other bonesEx. vertebrae, many facial bones
Sesamoid Bones
small and nodular and are embedded within tendons adjacent to jointsEx. kneecap
Epiphysis
end of the boneProximal - end of the bone nearest the torso
Diaphysis
shaft of the long bone
Articular Cartilage
type of cartilage that fills the epiphysis
Periosteum
bone is enclosed by a tough, vascular covering of fibrous tissue
Compact Bone
tightly packed tissue that makes up the walls of the diaphysisLike Hersey's Milk Chocolate Bar
Spongy Bone
composes the epiphyses, has air pockets in itLike the Hersey's Air Delight
Trabeculae
interwoven beams in the spongy bone that makes the long bone seem less dense
Madullary Cavity
cavity inside the osteon where the marrow and blood vessals lie
Marrow
source of hematopoiesis (process of blood development)
Osteocyte
mature bone cell
Osteon
inner canal of the long bone
Intramembraneous Bones
in the embryonic stage, this holds the place for the bone to form
Osteoblasts
bone-forming cells through deposition of bony matrix
Endochondrial Bones
most of the bones in the body because they formed from hyaline cartilage shaped like future structures
Ossification
process of bone hardening
Epiphyseal Plate
growth plate
Osteoclasts
specialized bone forming cells after the extracellular matrix has been removed (resorption)
Bone Remodeling
head, neck, & trunkskeleton of the torso & skull
Appendicular
upper & lower limbsskeleton of the appendages
Long Bones
have long longitudinal axes and expanded endsEx. forearm, thigh bones,femur
Short Bones
somewhat cubelike, with their lengths and widths roughly equalEx. carpals(wrist), ankles
Flat Bones
platelike structures with broad surfacesEx. ribs, scapulae, some skull bones
Irregular Bones
have variety of shapes and are usually connected to several other bonesEx. vertebrae, many facial bones
Sesamoid Bones
small and nodular and are embedded within tendons adjacent to jointsEx. kneecap
Epiphysis
end of the boneProximal - end of the bone nearest the torso
Diaphysis
shaft of the long bone
Articular Cartilage
type of cartilage that fills the epiphysis
Periosteum
bone is enclosed by a tough, vascular covering of fibrous tissue
Compact Bone
tightly packed tissue that makes up the walls of the diaphysisLike Hersey's Milk Chocolate Bar
Spongy Bone
composes the epiphyses, has air pockets in itLike the Hersey's Air Delight
Trabeculae
interwoven beams in the spongy bone that makes the long bone seem less dense
Madullary Cavity
cavity inside the osteon where the marrow and blood vessals lie
Marrow
source of hematopoiesis (process of blood development)
Osteocyte
mature bone cell
Osteon
inner canal of the long bone
Intramembraneous Bones
in the embryonic stage, this holds the place for the bone to form
Osteoblasts
bone-forming cells through deposition of bony matrix
Endochondrial Bones
most of the bones in the body because they formed from hyaline cartilage shaped like future structures
Ossification
process of bone hardening
Epiphyseal Plate
growth plate
Osteoclasts
specialized bone forming cells after the extracellular matrix has been removed (resorption)
Bone Remodeling