Why Did The Allies Plan To Capture Histoy In Turkey
Page 64
The Allies’ plan to capture Anatolia in Turkey failed. In 1919, Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau and David Lloyd George (known as the Big Three) supported the Greeks to send soldiers to Anatolia to dominate the Turks and Italians – who were attempting to colonize Turkey. The Greek government envisioned re-establishing the ancient Greek Empire in a colony where there was a majority of Greek-speaking people. On the other hand, Turkish nationalists - commanded by General Mustafa Kemal - had the simpler objective of forcing all Europeans to leave. Page 65 Then, in August 1920, the Triple Entente “presented the Turkish government with [a peace treaty called] the Treaty of Sèvres. Anatolia, the Turkish heartland, was divided into French, Italian and American spheres of influence, with Smyrna becoming a Greek protectorate (a country or region that is defended and controlled by a more powerful state).” The Turkish Straits became an international zone …show more content…
During August 26-30, 1922, Kemal defeated the Greek troops in a significant battle at the River Sakarya, and compel them to return to Smyrna. There, the Turkish civilians attacked the Greek population in a sequence of mass murders. While chasing the Greek armed forces, Kemal “came up against [an English] garrison at Chanak, guarding the Turkish Straits. Rather than risk [combat] with Kemal, the British commander … signed an agreement with him, the Convention of Mudania, [which ensured an amendment] for the Treaty of Sèvres in Turkey’s favour.” For this reason “a new treaty [–called the Treaty of Lausanne –] was made in 1923: Turkey [recovered] Eastern Thrace from Greece, and the [border] between them was demilitarised. Turkey was [rid] of all foreign troops. Despite the Straits were under Turkish control once again - they had to stay demilitarised. In addition, no limitations were put on Turkey’s
The Allies’ plan to capture Anatolia in Turkey failed. In 1919, Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau and David Lloyd George (known as the Big Three) supported the Greeks to send soldiers to Anatolia to dominate the Turks and Italians – who were attempting to colonize Turkey. The Greek government envisioned re-establishing the ancient Greek Empire in a colony where there was a majority of Greek-speaking people. On the other hand, Turkish nationalists - commanded by General Mustafa Kemal - had the simpler objective of forcing all Europeans to leave. Page 65 Then, in August 1920, the Triple Entente “presented the Turkish government with [a peace treaty called] the Treaty of Sèvres. Anatolia, the Turkish heartland, was divided into French, Italian and American spheres of influence, with Smyrna becoming a Greek protectorate (a country or region that is defended and controlled by a more powerful state).” The Turkish Straits became an international zone …show more content…
During August 26-30, 1922, Kemal defeated the Greek troops in a significant battle at the River Sakarya, and compel them to return to Smyrna. There, the Turkish civilians attacked the Greek population in a sequence of mass murders. While chasing the Greek armed forces, Kemal “came up against [an English] garrison at Chanak, guarding the Turkish Straits. Rather than risk [combat] with Kemal, the British commander … signed an agreement with him, the Convention of Mudania, [which ensured an amendment] for the Treaty of Sèvres in Turkey’s favour.” For this reason “a new treaty [–called the Treaty of Lausanne –] was made in 1923: Turkey [recovered] Eastern Thrace from Greece, and the [border] between them was demilitarised. Turkey was [rid] of all foreign troops. Despite the Straits were under Turkish control once again - they had to stay demilitarised. In addition, no limitations were put on Turkey’s