Wgu Biochemistry Task 1
DNA and RNA
Replication
Deborah J Brooks
Biochemistry (GRT1) Task 1
Western Governors University
Objectives
DNA Replication at Biochemical Level
Role of Ligase
Role of mRNA
Role of RNA Polymerase Inhibition related to the death cap mushroom
Introduction
Nucleic acids are required for the storage and expression of genetic information. There are two chemically distinct types of nucleic acids.
DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid). The repository of genetic information.
RNA (ribonucleic acid). “The working copies” of DNA. The copying or translation process in DNA synthesis.
DNA Replication
DNA replication at the biochemical level involves the copying of doubled-stranded DNA to produce a second double helix that is identical to the first …show more content…
Ligase in DNA Replication
Diagram
Role of mRNA
mRNA Diagram
Polymerase Inhibition and the
Death Cap Mushroom
This
knowledge of biochemistry of DNA can help to explain how the death cap mushroom poisons an individual who consumes it.
The
poisonous effect of the death cap mushroom is related to the biochemistry of
DNA and RNA and the process of RNA polymerase inhibition.
Death cap mushroom/Amatoxins
The
death cap mushroom gives off amatoxins that are toxic to the liver as well as being absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The
main toxin given off by death cap mushroom is ά- amanitine, and there are also nine cyclic 900-Dalton molecular weight octapeptide amatoxins.
Death cap/Polymerase
Inhibition
Shortly after an individual ingest άamanitine, the nucleoli of his/her liver cells will disintegrate, which in turn interferes with DNA transcription because it inhibits
RNA polymerase II.
The way ά-amanitine does this is to bind to the 140,000-Dalton RNA polymerase ll subunit, inhibiting it.
This inhibition effectively stops protein synthesis in the body, so the organs that are most dependent on protein synthesis are the ones that are most sensitive to
Replication
Deborah J Brooks
Biochemistry (GRT1) Task 1
Western Governors University
Objectives
DNA Replication at Biochemical Level
Role of Ligase
Role of mRNA
Role of RNA Polymerase Inhibition related to the death cap mushroom
Introduction
Nucleic acids are required for the storage and expression of genetic information. There are two chemically distinct types of nucleic acids.
DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid). The repository of genetic information.
RNA (ribonucleic acid). “The working copies” of DNA. The copying or translation process in DNA synthesis.
DNA Replication
DNA replication at the biochemical level involves the copying of doubled-stranded DNA to produce a second double helix that is identical to the first …show more content…
Ligase in DNA Replication
Diagram
Role of mRNA
mRNA Diagram
Polymerase Inhibition and the
Death Cap Mushroom
This
knowledge of biochemistry of DNA can help to explain how the death cap mushroom poisons an individual who consumes it.
The
poisonous effect of the death cap mushroom is related to the biochemistry of
DNA and RNA and the process of RNA polymerase inhibition.
Death cap mushroom/Amatoxins
The
death cap mushroom gives off amatoxins that are toxic to the liver as well as being absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The
main toxin given off by death cap mushroom is ά- amanitine, and there are also nine cyclic 900-Dalton molecular weight octapeptide amatoxins.
Death cap/Polymerase
Inhibition
Shortly after an individual ingest άamanitine, the nucleoli of his/her liver cells will disintegrate, which in turn interferes with DNA transcription because it inhibits
RNA polymerase II.
The way ά-amanitine does this is to bind to the 140,000-Dalton RNA polymerase ll subunit, inhibiting it.
This inhibition effectively stops protein synthesis in the body, so the organs that are most dependent on protein synthesis are the ones that are most sensitive to