How to Distill Crude Oil
Heather Myers iLab, Week #6
CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION
Introduction
The purpose of this lab is to distill crude oil and learn how the chemical properties influence the temperature. The distillation of a substance is based on the boiling points. When the crude oil is brought to a boil, at 275°C, the gasoline and kerosene are distilled, but the lubricant remains part of the crude oil.
Procedure
1. From the Equipment menu, select Distillation Equipment and obtain a Round Bottom Flask (100 ml).
2. Select the flask by clicking on it. From the Equipment menu or context menu, select Distillation Equipment and obtain the Heating Mantel.
3. Likewise, obtain the Distillation Head, the Condenser and the Distillation take-off.
4. Obtain a 100 mL Graduated Cylinder and place it under the Distillation take-off.
5. To set the Thermometer for Celsius or Fahrenheit, select Equipment under the Chem Lab Options menu.
6. With the entire apparatus selected, activate the Chemicals dialog box from either the Chem Lab Chemicals menu or the context menu. Add 50ml of Crude Oil to the Round Bottom Flask.
7. Turn the Mantel transformer to 100% from the Chem Lab Options menu or the context menu. Allow the ceramic mantle to heat up. Once the crude oil starts to boil, reduce the transformer to about 60%. Maintain a level of heating so that a continuous drop-wise flow runs into the graduated cylinder. A rate of 2 to 5 drops per minute is sufficient.
8. Using the table HEMPEL DISTILLATION DATA SHEET in the Observations window, record the temperature when the first drop falls from the end of the condenser. Record the volumes of distillate (read directly from the graduated cylinder) condensed at each of the temperatures indicated on the data sheet (for those temperatures above the temperature at which the first drop falls).
9. Record color changes.
10. DO NOT HEAT ABOVE 527oF (275oC) AS AN EXPLOSION MAY RESULT.
11. Allow the apparatus to cool by lowering the heating mantle. Start to
CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION
Introduction
The purpose of this lab is to distill crude oil and learn how the chemical properties influence the temperature. The distillation of a substance is based on the boiling points. When the crude oil is brought to a boil, at 275°C, the gasoline and kerosene are distilled, but the lubricant remains part of the crude oil.
Procedure
1. From the Equipment menu, select Distillation Equipment and obtain a Round Bottom Flask (100 ml).
2. Select the flask by clicking on it. From the Equipment menu or context menu, select Distillation Equipment and obtain the Heating Mantel.
3. Likewise, obtain the Distillation Head, the Condenser and the Distillation take-off.
4. Obtain a 100 mL Graduated Cylinder and place it under the Distillation take-off.
5. To set the Thermometer for Celsius or Fahrenheit, select Equipment under the Chem Lab Options menu.
6. With the entire apparatus selected, activate the Chemicals dialog box from either the Chem Lab Chemicals menu or the context menu. Add 50ml of Crude Oil to the Round Bottom Flask.
7. Turn the Mantel transformer to 100% from the Chem Lab Options menu or the context menu. Allow the ceramic mantle to heat up. Once the crude oil starts to boil, reduce the transformer to about 60%. Maintain a level of heating so that a continuous drop-wise flow runs into the graduated cylinder. A rate of 2 to 5 drops per minute is sufficient.
8. Using the table HEMPEL DISTILLATION DATA SHEET in the Observations window, record the temperature when the first drop falls from the end of the condenser. Record the volumes of distillate (read directly from the graduated cylinder) condensed at each of the temperatures indicated on the data sheet (for those temperatures above the temperature at which the first drop falls).
9. Record color changes.
10. DO NOT HEAT ABOVE 527oF (275oC) AS AN EXPLOSION MAY RESULT.
11. Allow the apparatus to cool by lowering the heating mantle. Start to