Water Pollution Contamination

POLLUTION

INTRODUCTION
Pollution is the act of environmental humiliation and contamination with artificial waste. Air, water, and soil pollution is a serious complication, which affects everyone in the world. Some of the main causes of pollution is the lack of laws to new industries as well as a poorly educated society. Due to environmental pollution, the society has put pressure on the government to create and carry out diverse policies to the control of environmental pollutants.
LAND POLLUTION
Land pollution is the deposition of waste materials be it liquid or solid state either underground or the land that could pollute the natural resources like the soil, underground water. Land pollution also threatens public health and is the root of further

Causes: land pollution takes place when unwanted materials of all kinds like garbage, rubbish and trash from different places are disposed to the land. Materials consist of moist food, paper, and glass, plastic, Etc. Also material such as cement, metals, rubble concrete are buried in the ground. Furthermore, factories eliminate hazardous chemicals and liquids into the grounds. Contaminated effluent from subsurface sewage disposal can also be a cause of land pollution. Garbage left in open dumps often has breeding of animals such as rats, cockroaches, mosquitoes and other disease carriers. They also root the cause of bad smell, windblown debris and other irritants. Windblown debris could cause contamination of lakes, rivers or wells nearby leaving more room for diseases. Methane, a hazardous gas is given out by decomposing garbage. Misusing of land like deforestation and use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers further pollute the land

Effects:
• Climate: Due to land pollution, the forest cover on earth is decreasing which affects the climate. This results in less rain which leads to fewer pure water resources. Therefore, all living things: the flora and the fauna that rely on fresh water for life are affected. Land pollution also leads to acid rains, greenhouse effect and global warming.

• Extinction: Land pollution leads to deforestation resulting in many species losing their habitat which is one of the main causes of extinction.

• Bio magnification: this process takes place when a particular non-biodegradable substance accumulates in the food chain. This puts not only the specie consuming it in danger, but all the species connected to the food chain. Overall results in affecting the food pyramid

• Biodiversity: extinction will result in unbalanced and disturbed biodiversity. For example, if a species goes extinct the specie it feeds on will see a number of increase.!

WAYS TO REDUCE LAND POLLUTION:
• Reduce Product packaging: as the consumer market grows, more elaborate and fine packaging is used. This increases the waste produced every year and leads to further land pollution. A way companies have started to go green is make reusable and recycled packaging that attracts the consumers.

• Recycle: Using materials that are recycled. Stop wasting paper and using recycled paper. Give away old books and newspapers to recycle companies. Avoid using materials such as plastic. Recycling helps in reducing the amount of waste dumped in dump fills. Cans and metals could be recycled.

• Composting: According to scientists, it takes about a decade for a land fill to decompose. Composting helps in decomposition due to its design which helps in flow of air. Yard trimmings and food that are decomposed help in reducing the land pollution

AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution is one of the major problems that our planet is suffering from , its affecting our daily life without our notice as its content of poisonous gases and acid rain and many other gases from the burned fossil fuel and transportation and industries, we inhale without our notice it may damage our lungs and affects our health. Air pollution is defined as “ the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.” (wikipedia, 2012)
Causes of air pollution:- The causes of air pollution are many like as I previously mentioned, it could be because of the burning of fussel fuels such as gasoline , oil, coal and natural gas, the daily usage of electricity , the exhaust gas of cars and vehicles specially and not to forget the main natural cause of air pollution is dust. “We also cause air pollution indirectly, when we buy goods and services that use energy in their production and delivery. “(Air pollution, 2011)
The pollutents are those substances which causes the air pollution , it could be gases, liquid droplets or solid substances sometimes like lead and mercury. I’ll mention some important primary pollutants which are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and sulphur oxides .
-Sulpher oxides: usually obtained from the industries and is widely spread in paper manufacture industries and combine with rain droplets and produces acid rain , also“ is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. “(Wikipedia, 2012)
-Nitrogen oxides: the main source of nitrogen oxides are cars and vehicles. “ nitrogen dioxide are emitted from high temperature combustion, and are also produced naturally during thunderstorms by electrical discharge” (wikipedia, 2012)
-Carbon dioxide: “a colorless, odorless, non-toxic greenhouse gas also associated with ocean acidification, emitted from sources such as combustion, cement production, and respiration.” (wikipedia, 2012)
-Carbon monoxide: caused in the burning of coal, fossil fuels and wood , it’s“ a colorless, odorless, non-irritating but very poisonous gas. It is a product by incomplete combustion of fuel such as natural gas, coal or wood. Vehicular exhaust is a major source of carbon monoxide.” (wikipedia, 2012)
Effects of air pollution:- Air pollution causes a lot problems and has a lot of impact on us as humans , talking about its effects I will mention three major point to discuss, ‘ the effects of air pollution on our health, enviroment and ecominc life.
First, talking about the effect of it on our health, the enhaling of these gases is very harmful and poisonious as it causes permenant damage to the lungs , it also affects the brain and the nervious system and makes us suffer from breathing problems and respiratory illness.Carbon Monoxide is considered as the most dangerous gas , because it “Reduces ability of blood to bring oxygen to body cells and tissues.” (Air pollution, 2011) . Sulphur oxides when combined with the rain droplets , it forms acid rain which “causes buildings, statues, and monuments to deteriorate.” (Air pollution, 2011) these gases when enhaled into the human body it can cause a lot of damage and may lead to serious situations and could cause death sometimes, therefor we need to be careful and not to expose our bodies to such gases.
Second, the effects of air pollution on our environment, it may lead to the melting of the polar ice caps, can affect the weather distractions which leads to tornadoes , floods , hurricanes and droughts. In addition to that it causes an increase in the sea level . also, it affects the environment in an indirect way through the spread of new diseases which can be hardly cured and it affects the agriculture which is mostly our source of food. Moreover, acid rain can damage buildings, forests, soil, lakes and it affects the aquatic life.
Finally, its effect on the economy, it has an impacts in relation to its effect on the human health and the environment.

WATER POLLUTION
Contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, groundwater is called water pollution. Water pollution takes place when pollutants are dumped or discharged into these water bodies. Water pollution leads to the sea life and other living organisms depending on them in danger due to the contaminated water hazardous nature. Biological communities are affected due to water pollution and it keeps growing every year

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution is one kind of most dangers pollution it contamination the of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies that will kills the marine life and oceans. It comes from factory wastes, sewer systems and oil spills that cause harmful effects in all environments because water is a very necessary for animals and human life (causes of water pollution, 2006).

SIDE EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
There are many side effects that water pollution like killing marine life, spreading diseases in human and animal by contamination of heavy metals and harmful bacteria. it kills green areas like forests and farms by using Pesticides that contaminant ground water which feed plants also it same in sewer system that goes in ground or goes in seas and rivers. the most common thing is oil and lubrication liquids , because of increasing using and west that comes from it, it effect the water environment directly by get rid of it in sea or in ground (Jeantheau, 2005)
MEASURES THAT COULD BE TAKEN
There are many ways to reduce the pollution in water like recital the old lubrications and avoid throwing it in ground or water surfaces. Also we can use things that not effects the water by reduce the pesticide in farms. Making shipment of oil ship more safety by develop the safety system in transferring of oil and chemical products also repair and replacement of leaking and malfunctioning equipment
(Control of pollution, 2006).
Survey
A survey was conducted by the group members on 50 students from Abu Dhabi Al Ain Campus, both male and female. The following were the results collected:
• All 50 students knew about different kinds of pollution
• 48 students thought immediate measure was required to stop pollution
• 41 students admitted to have polluted in one way or other (either land, air or water)
• 33 students said they would be a part of “going green”
• 29 students thought pollution is a problem in UAE

Conclusion
All in all, pollution of any kind, be it land, water, or air is dangerous and Is affecting the earth and species living on it in harmful ways. It increases every year and the toll gets higher. We as humans have the duty to save our planet for a better tomorrow. Different awareness campaigns and drives could be carried out to promote the dangerous effects of pollution. “Going green” should be focused on and living healthy should be promoted. The changes will not take place overnight but we all can start from now.

Bibliography
Air Pollution. (2012). Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution
Land Pollution. (2012). Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_pollution
Nathanson, J. A. (2012). Land Pollution. Retrieved from www.britannica.com: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/329175/land-pollution
Pillai, P. (2012, january 16). Causes and Effects of Land Pollution. Retrieved from /www.buzzle.com: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/causes-and-effects-of-land-pollution.html
Ryan, D. B. (2010, july 03). WAYS TO OVERCOME LAND POLLUTION. Retrieved from www.livestrong.com: http://www.livestrong.com/article/164542-ways-to-overcome-land-pollution/ causes of water pollution. (2006, 4 19). Retrieved 5 22, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution#Causes
Control of pollution. (2006, 4 19). Retrieved 5 22, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution#Control_of_pollution
Jeantheau, M. (2005, 9 6). side effect of water pollution. Retrieved from http://www.grinnin

Bibliography: Air Pollution. (2012). Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org/: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution Land Pollution. (2012). Retrieved from en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_pollution Nathanson, J. A. (2012). Land Pollution. Retrieved from www.britannica.com: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/329175/land-pollution Pillai, P. (2012, january 16). Causes and Effects of Land Pollution. Retrieved from /www.buzzle.com: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/causes-and-effects-of-land-pollution.html Ryan, D. B. (2010, july 03). WAYS TO OVERCOME LAND POLLUTION. Retrieved from www.livestrong.com: http://www.livestrong.com/article/164542-ways-to-overcome-land-pollution/ causes of water pollution. (2006, 4 19). Retrieved 5 22, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution#Causes Control of pollution. (2006, 4 19). Retrieved 5 22, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution#Control_of_pollution Jeantheau, M. (2005, 9 6). side effect of water pollution. Retrieved from http://www.grinnin