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Valuation of Integrated Oil & Gas Companies Msc Thesis

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Valuation of Integrated Oil & Gas Companies Msc Thesis
MSc Thesis: Valuation of Integrated Oil & Gas Companies

Irakli Menabde

Valuation of Integrated Oil & Gas Companies
A comparative analysis of methodologies and empirical practices

MSc Thesis

MSc in International Business and Economics: Cand. Merc Finance and Strategic Management (FSM) Copenhagen Business School

Date 09/10/2008 Author: Irakli Menabde

MSc Thesis: Valuation of Integrated Oil & Gas Companies

Irakli Menabde

Abstract

The paper examines a number of empirically utilised and academically established valuation methodologies in order to value Integrated Oil & Gas Company’s common stock. By applying and comparing DCF, SOP and Real Options based valuation methodologies with the aims of establishing both, an absolute share price value and relative value for the sample representatives of for Exxon Mobil Corp and BP Plc, the paper highlights key input parameters for each methodology and discusses the key differences in the outputs of the models. The study finds that the market relies on the Discounted Cash flow Valuation methodology and that the Real Option based valuation attributes significantly higher value to the companies, while the Sum Of Parts valuation demonstrates significant discounting of the value in upstream assets and a rather large holding discount as measured by stand alone market peers. The paper then goes further by providing a historical twenty year back test of the global Integrated Oil & Gas stock portfolio based on publicly available company financial factors, and provides a stock selection model for the custom universe in the long/short, market neutral setting. Lastly, a strategic perspective for key stakeholders is provided based on the findings from the comparison of valuation methodologies, highlighting their strategic implications for the practicing investors, corporate leadership and regulatory entities.

Copenhagen Business School

Cand. Merc: Finance & Strategic Management

2

MSc Thesis: Valuation



Bibliography: Black, F. and M. Scholes, 1973, "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities, "Journal of Political Economy, 81, 637-654. Black, F, and M. Scholes, 1972, "The Valuation of Option Contracts and a Test of Market Efficiency," Journal of 'Finance, May, pp. 399-417. Black, F., M. Jensen and M. S. Scholes, 1972, "The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Some Empirical Tests," Studies in the Theory of Capital Markets, Edited by M.Jensen, Praeger, Inc. Black, F, 1975, "Fact and Fantasy in the Use of Options," Finanáal Analysts Journal 31, pp. 36-41,61-72. Black, F, 1976, "The Pricing of Commodity Contracts." The Journal of Finanáal Economics 3, pp.167-179 Chua and Woodward, 1994, “Financial Performance of the U.S. Oil and gas Industry: 19801990”, Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, V.3, N., Blackwell. Damodaran, A. (2002), Investment Valuation, Wiley Finance. Damodaran A. 2006. Damodaran on Valuation. Security Analysis for Investment and Corporate Finance. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Daske, H., Gebhardt, G., Klein, S. 2006. Estimating the expected cost of equity capital using analysts ' consensus forecasts. Schlamenbach Business Review, 58(1) Fama, E., 1965, "The Behavior of Stock Prices," Journal of Business 37, pp. 34-105 Fern_andez, P. 2007. Valuing companies by cash ow discounting: then methods and nine theories, Managerial Finance, 33(11), 853{876. Hicks, J. 1946. Value and Capital: An Inquiry into Some Fundamental Principles of Economic Theory, second edition. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Lintner, J., 1965, "The Valuation of Risk Assets and the Selection of Risky Investments in Stock Portfolios and Capital Budgets," Review of Economics and Statistics 47, pp. 768-83 Markowitz, H., 1959, "Portfolio Selection: Efficient Diversification of Investment," New York: Wiley. McCormack and Vytheeswaran (Stern Stewart & Co), 1998, “How to Use EVA in the Oil and Gas Industry”, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 11, 3. Copenhagen Business School Cand. Merc: Finance & Strategic Management 86 MSc Thesis: Valuation of Integrated Oil & Gas Companies Irakli Menabde Osmundsen, P. Asche, F. Misund, B. Mohn, L. 2005, Valuaion of International Oil & Gas Companies, CESifo Working Paper Number 1412. Bublications: BP Statistical Review 2007 IAEA IEA OPEC IMO DB Research Morgan Stanley Research Fatset Worldcope Wood Mackenzie Copenhagen Business School Cand. Merc: Finance & Strategic Management 87

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