Intro
America expands westward as that of there own destiny. America fights and fights for land. Many die but independence is served cold to the Mexicans and British. The Indian Rmoval act opens new territory to the west. This is my expansion Essay on way back when, when America expanded West!
II.
A. Causes of western expansion/ Manifest destiny
1. Economic/trade
2. Avalible land/farming
3. New opportunities/ “gold rush”
4. Western trade/ Roads/ Transportation
5. Government encouragement
III. Early U.S expansion A. British colonies/ Revolution
1.13 British colonies
2. Atlantic/ Appalachian mountains
3. NH/ Georgia
4. Treaty of Paris 1783
B. Louisiana Purchase 1803/ Lewis and Clark expedition
1. Louisiana territory/ French empire
2. Napoleonic war – French involved in war/debt
3. U.S president Jefferson/ $15 million
4. Double size of U.S/ west of Mississippi river
5. Resources and land
6. Questions limits/ power of constitution
7. Constitution doesn’t grant power to buy land?
8 Debate strict VS. loose interpretation of constitution
IV. Growth/ Expansion of American southeast A. Adams Onis treaty 1. 1819 President Monroe 2. Resolve tension with Spain over border 3. 5 Million and land/ U.S gains Florida 4. U.S growing world influence B. Indian Removal act 1. Force native Americans west to Indian territory 2. West of Mississippi River – Oklahoma/ Arkansas 3. Military force/ sign away land 4. Native American settlements prevent U.S expansion 5. Removal opens expansion South and West
V. Western Migration/ Development after 1830 A. Manifest destiny 1. Economics/ Trade 2. Available land/Farming 3. New opportunities/ Gold rush 4. Western trails/ Roads/ Transportation 5. Government encouragement B. Oregon & Santa fe Trails 1. Oregon trail/ 1830’s – Missouri to Oregon territory 2. Santa fe Trail/ 1820’s – Missouri to Mexican territory 3. Highways of the west/ open up trade 4. Cause western settlements/ covered wagons 5. Poor conditions/ Conflict with Indians – Buffalo
VI. Texas A. Texas Revolution 1836 1. Stephen F. Austin/ 1st U.S settlements in Texas 1825 2. Americans begin to control Texas 3. Act as an independent territory 4. American population increases 5. President Jackson supports expansion into Texas
B. Battle of the Alamo/ March 1836 1. Mexican president – Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna 2. Attempts to regain control of Texas 3. Attack on the Alamo/ San Antonio TX 4. 13 days / 187 Texans killed (Bowie, Crockett, Travis) 5. Texans organize militia
C. Battle of San Jacinto April 1836 1. Texan general Sam Houston 2. Defeats Santa Anna
D. Treaty of Velasco 1836 1. Texas gains independence 1836 2. Independent country / Republic of Texas 3. Sam Houston elected president
E. Annexation of Texas 1845 1. 1836 Houston invites U.S to annex / control Texas 2. U.S fearful of conflict with Mexico 3. Conflict over adding another Slave State 4. South supports / North opposes 5. 1845 president Polk / Texas admitted as a state
VII. Impact of president Polk’s Administration A. Oregon territory 1. Oregon territory 2. Occupied by U.S 3. President Polk threatened war with England 4. Wanted control of all Oregon territory
B. Treaty of 1846 1. U.S fearful of war with Mexico after Texas annexation 2. U.S / England agree to split Oregon territory 3. 49th Parallel
C. War with Mexico 1846 – 1848 1. Tension over annexation of Texas 2. Mexico doesn’t recognize Texas independence 3. U.S Mexican Border dispute 4. Polk sends troops to Rio Grande (Texas border) 5. Mexico thinks this act is and invasion 6. April 24, 1846 – shots fired and 9 Americans killed
D. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848 1. Texas / U.S border = Rio Grande 2. U.s acquires CA/ NM/ UT territory
VIII. Increase in western population/ U.s Southern Border A. California Gold Rush 1849 1. 1848 Gold discovered 2. 1849 Gold rush / mass migration west (Chinese) 3. Population spiked in west/ Ca 4. San Francisco supply center for miners 5. Forty Niners – Gold prospector move west / strike it rich
B. Gadsen Purchase 1. $10 million purchase of mexico 2. Expanded U.s Territory 3. Compensation from Mexican war.
IX. Conclusion
America thought it was its own destiny to expand westward. Through perilous attacks and dead men. Only justified in money, blood, and land, America expanded west. The annexation of texas, The Indian removal act all reason more to expand westward! Independence to the U.S
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