Trophic Categories Etc..
Trophic Categories:
1. Producers
2. Consumers
3. Detritus feeders and decomposers
Producers = organisms that capture energy from the sun or from chemical reactions to convert carbon dioxide to organic matter
Organic Matter vs. Inorganic Matter -Matter that makes up the bodies of living things generally characterized by the presence of carbon and hydrogen bonds.
Most producers are green plants.
1. Autotroph
i. Chemosynthetic bacteria ii. Green plants iii. Algae
2. Heterotroph
i. Animals ii. Fungi iii. Protists (some)
Consumers
Primary consumers = {herbivores} {omnivores} secondary consumers, tertiary consumers etc. = {carnivores}
Predator Prey Relationships:
Predator: organism which does the feeding
Prey: organism that is fed on
Carnivores-herbivores
Herbivores-plants
Parasites-host
Parasites: organisms intimately associated with their "prey" feeding on it over time, typically without killing it. Host
Detritus: dead plant material, fecal wastes of animals, dead animal bodies etc.
Detritivores: earthworm, millipedes, fiddler crabs, termites, ants, wood beetles.
Primary detritus feeders, secondary detritus feeders??
Decomposers: fungi and bacteria (cause rotting of dead trees, branches and leaves) Secrete digestive enzymes (special group of detritivores) Secondary detritus feeders: protozoans, mites, insects and worms feed on decomposers.
Trophic Levels
4thtertiary consumers (Carnivores)
3rdsecondary consumers (Carnivores + Omnivores)
2ndprimary consumers (Herbivores)
1stproducers (Chemosynthesizers, photosynthesizers)
Non-Feeding Relationships:
Mutually supportive relationships
Mutualism: mutual benefit between species. E.g. flowers and pollinating insects. Some organisms cannot live alone: lichens (fungus [protection] and alga [food])
Symbiosis: "living together" (harmful or beneficial; parasitic or mutualistic)
Even predator-prey relationships, mutual
1. Producers
2. Consumers
3. Detritus feeders and decomposers
Producers = organisms that capture energy from the sun or from chemical reactions to convert carbon dioxide to organic matter
Organic Matter vs. Inorganic Matter -Matter that makes up the bodies of living things generally characterized by the presence of carbon and hydrogen bonds.
Most producers are green plants.
1. Autotroph
i. Chemosynthetic bacteria ii. Green plants iii. Algae
2. Heterotroph
i. Animals ii. Fungi iii. Protists (some)
Consumers
Primary consumers = {herbivores} {omnivores} secondary consumers, tertiary consumers etc. = {carnivores}
Predator Prey Relationships:
Predator: organism which does the feeding
Prey: organism that is fed on
Carnivores-herbivores
Herbivores-plants
Parasites-host
Parasites: organisms intimately associated with their "prey" feeding on it over time, typically without killing it. Host
Detritus: dead plant material, fecal wastes of animals, dead animal bodies etc.
Detritivores: earthworm, millipedes, fiddler crabs, termites, ants, wood beetles.
Primary detritus feeders, secondary detritus feeders??
Decomposers: fungi and bacteria (cause rotting of dead trees, branches and leaves) Secrete digestive enzymes (special group of detritivores) Secondary detritus feeders: protozoans, mites, insects and worms feed on decomposers.
Trophic Levels
4thtertiary consumers (Carnivores)
3rdsecondary consumers (Carnivores + Omnivores)
2ndprimary consumers (Herbivores)
1stproducers (Chemosynthesizers, photosynthesizers)
Non-Feeding Relationships:
Mutually supportive relationships
Mutualism: mutual benefit between species. E.g. flowers and pollinating insects. Some organisms cannot live alone: lichens (fungus [protection] and alga [food])
Symbiosis: "living together" (harmful or beneficial; parasitic or mutualistic)
Even predator-prey relationships, mutual