Comparing socioeconomic index by gender, the null hypothesis of homogeneity of variance is obtained; because the Levene’s test is high (.6130), therefore equal variances are assumed.…
There are many obvious differences between having and not having children but there are some similarities as well, particularly in terms of leading a full and happy life. To compare and contrast these two ways of living, I want to look at how the two are different before examining the ways they can be more alike. Each comes with a particular set of benefits and drawbacks. There is no one way to live that can be seen as better than the other outside of the context of a personal decision.…
The number of childless adults has increased since the mid 70s due to reasons such as location, expense, women having jobs, and how society portrays parenting. The article “No Kids For Me, Thanks” by Teddy Wayne provides examples of people who agree and disagree with refusing to add to the gene pool and why. Kate Bolick, for instance, says, “If I had kids, I can’t see doing it in New York City. Not just because I couldn’t afford it, but because I don’t like the idea of raising a child in the epicenter of class disparity and extreme wealth.” The media also affects adults’ decisions about having children by creating reality shows or writing articles that depict parenting as a tiring, frustrating task.…
lower rates of childlessness than those educated in arts or humanities.Compared with women who have or desire children,…
3. The participant chosen for this study are 30 young adults (ages 18 to 25) with the average age being 20, and 30 older adults (ages 30 to 55) with…
The increase in nonmarital births over the last 40 years, relates to the decline in marriage and an increase in couples cohabiting. Increases in nonmarital births results from many factors, including substantial delays in marriage (Ventura, 2009). Out of wedlock, childbearing has increased among all women of reproductive age and among all racial and ethnical groups in our population (Ventura, Bachrach, Hill, Kaye, Holcomb, & Koff,, 1995). Nonmarital childbearing is not synonymous with single parenting; much of the increase in nonmarital births across all countries is attributed to changes in cohabitation (Manlove, Ryan, Wildsmith, & Franzetta, 2010). The percentage of nonmarital births occurring to cohabiting couples increased from 29 percent in the early 1980s to 39 percent in the early 1990s and more recent estimates suggest almost 50 percent of nonmarital births for the early 2000s (Manlove, Ryan, Wildsmith, & Franzetta, 2010). Most nonmarital births occur to women in their…
The article conducted a study on married couples that were selected from the newspaper that were under “Birth Listing” in Columbus, Ohio. The researchers took couples that had children within 4 to 15 months earlier. The ten page survey was only directed to married couples but that were also parents already. There was a follow up letter sent 9 days after the survey was taken. It was found in that survey that a low of 23.5% would take it out of 47 couples. Researchers conducted another survey also ten paged, towards highly educated couples that were college graduates that have been married for…
a) The problems that arise when using examples of authority is that statistics can be misinterpreted by the readers. Two legitimate sources on the same topic can provide two different stats. When the author uses statistics and theoretical research in the article it is simply used as an example, and not as a fact. Statistics can vary depending on the location and the results may be different.…
Lesson 12- Childless by choice Marissa Usselman HHS4MAhttp://www.wondercafe.ca/features/childless-choice in this article this women is saying how society makes it seem like everyone wants or has to have children which isn’t true and she says she always ends up having to defend her decision in front of family members or reunions. Shes saying that just because society tells you to have children and that’s it’s a part of life isent true its all about your own personal opinion. This article is pretty good validity and the women in this article is bias toward people with children.http://bitchmagazine.org/post/no-kidding-are-childfree-people-angry in this article a women feels very strongly that everyone who’s childfree hates children, which…
According to the section “Childless Women,” “29% of Americans say this trend is bad for society, 11% say it is good and the majority—55%—say it makes little difference” ("VI. New Family Types"). The section discusses attitudes to this trend from the point of gender, race and ethnic group. According to the section “Party and Religiosity,” there exist considerable differences in attitudes toward the modern order of living from the political parties, ideologies, and religiosity ("VI. New Family Types"). Thus, Republicans and people who regularly attend religious services appear to be more critical to the child-free trend of these growing trends in comparison to Democrats and persons who are less religious.…
Maternal Deprivation has always been an emotive subject giving rise to extremes of opinion, for example, in 1951 Bowlby concluded that “..Mother love in infancy and childhood is as important for mental health as are vitamins and proteins for physical health” however at the other end of the scale Casler (1968) concludes “The human organism does not need maternal…
As the statistical measures allows researchers to identify patterns and trends among the data, the relationships and associations among the women participants are identified which then leads to better understanding and identification of potential increased risks adverse outcomes among women…
However, this experiment has some methodological limitations that could potentially limit generalisation to the broader population. Many factors were not investigated during participant selection such as smoking status, menstrual cycle, age and ethnicity. The sample taken was a convenient sample, which is regularly not representative of the population and often biased. For the results to be further generalised these implications might need to be addressed.…
The study had 1,233 participants, all living in Germany at the time. Most of the participants were women, the average age was 28, with ages spanning from 13 to 68 years old.…
The study itself used a very well defined procedure and documentation, but the results have some limitations, most of which have to do with the sample population. The authors clearly define several limitations, but the most pressing…