The great essay
Emeritus professor of sociology Walter Rüegg calls the university “the European institution par excellence,” citing its origin as a community of teachers and taught, accorded certain rights that include the granting of degrees, and as a creation of medieval Europe – the Europe of papal Christianity. I agree with Walter Rüegg that the modern university has its roots in Europe because he shows what these universities had and how we know their exact year of opening. In his argument, Walter Rüegg describes how European universities awarded degrees to their students. Bachelor, Licentiate, Master, and the Doctorate degrees all came from European universities and spread to the rest of the world. The European universities artes have been passed onto the modern universities as well. Describing that looking for the roots of the university is dependent on present research is ever important. Walter Rüegg wrote his argument in 1992 while Mehdi Nakosteen wrote his argument in 1964. Between these twenty-eight years, Scholars and researchers could have learned more information on European universities that contributed to them being the roots of modern universities. Unlike Mehdi’s argument, Walter’s argument shows that the European university was based on learning, which modern universities are. Looking to when the university first appeared, The University of Bologna broke apart in 1088 separating into a religious school and a teaching of law. From Walter Rüegg, I have learned the European institution has manipulated scientific and scholarly knowledge, after World War Two an attempt to develop universities was greatly unsuccessful, bios praktikos gives precedence to social utility, Amor sciendi evaluates highly the search for truth by rigorous scientific and scholarly methods, universities are in conflicts internally, with individuals, and externally, with those supplying funds, universities have to fundamentally analyzed, Fundamental analysis of structures and functions is