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The Factors That Contribute to the Restriction in Freedom of Speech and Information in Malaysia Towards Iukl's Local Students

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The Factors That Contribute to the Restriction in Freedom of Speech and Information in Malaysia Towards Iukl's Local Students
CHAPTER 1

THE FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE RESTRICTION IN FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND INFORMATION IN MALAYSIA TOWARDS IUKL'S LOCAL STUDENTS

1.1 Introduction

"Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers." (The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19, 1948).

Freedom of speech and information is the one of the rights to every people in the civilized nation. Freedom of speech and information can be describe as the freedom of each of the citizen to voice out their opinion in the appropriate way and gain the access to the useful information without any filtration and restriction from any parties.

In any civilized nation, most of their citizens are aware about this right and they will keep on defending this right from any suppression. In this research we will see that the level of exposure and knowledge of this right and their thoughts about it. The research will conclude the level of importance of this right to the students especially to the IUKL students.

The research will examine major factors that contribute to the restriction of the freedom of speech and information among the local students of IUKL which are represent the students community and how all of these restrictions give the impact to their right for freedom of speech and information.

1.2 Background of the Problem

The problem that will be examine in this research paper is the factors that contribute to the restriction to the right in freedom of speech and information, and its effect on the information exposure in IUKL local students specifically the local students of School of Communication and Language Studies.

United States Supreme Court 1969 stated that: The issue of school speech as it relates to the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution is one that has been of much debate and the subject of



Bibliography: 1. Richard, P., (2006). Why India Needs Open Access," Open and Shut. Retrievedfromhttp://www.righttoresearch.org/learn/problem/index.shtml#5 on 11/8/2012. 2. Human Rights Education Associates., (2007). Freedom of Speech. Retrieved from http://www.hrea.org/index.php?doc_id=408 on 11/8/2012. 3. William, H. D., (2004). Social Transformation in an Information Society: Rethinking Access to You and the World., pp. 23-29. 4. United States Supreme Court. (1969). Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_speech_(First_Amendment) on 11/8/2012. 5. Nurullah, Y., (2008). General Directorate of International Laws and Foreign Affairs., pp. 3-7. Ministry of Justice Turkey. 6. Shoemaker, Pamela J.; Vos, Tim P., (2009). Gatekeeping Theory. New York:Routledge.,Retrievedfromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatekeeping_(communication) on 11/8/2012. 8. Mustafa, K. A., (2004). Politics and the Media in Malaysia. pp. 1-8. Universiti Sains Malaysia. Johannes, V. D., Christian, M., (2003). The Impact of Media Concentration on Professional Journalism. Pp. 193-199. OSCE’s Representative on Freedom of the Media, Freimut Duve. Karol, J., (2010). The Right to Public Expression: A modest proposal for an important human right. Pp. 5-16. Open Society Media Program. Agnes, C., (2010). Accountability, Transparency, and Freedom of Expression in Africa. Pp. 4-9.

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