The Differences and Similarities Between the Trans-Atlantic and Trans-Saharan Slave Trade on the West Coast of Africa
The African Slave Trade has affected a very large part of the world. This phenomenon has been described in many different ways, such as slave trade, forced migration and genocide. When people today think of slavery, many envision the form in which it existed in the United States before the American Civil War (1861-1865): one racially identifiable group owning and exploiting another. However, in other parts of the world, slavery has taken many different forms. In Africa, many societies recognized slaves merely as property, but others saw them as dependents whom, eventually might be integrated into the families of slave owners. Still other societies allowed slaves to attain positions of military or administrative power. Most often, both slave owners and slaves were black Africans, although they were frequently of different ethnic groups. Traditionally, African slaves were bought to perform basic or domestic labour, to serve as wives or concubines, or to enhance the status of the slave owner.
Traditional African practices of slavery were altered to some extent beginning in the 7th century by two non-African groups of slave traders: Arab Muslims and Europeans. From the 7th to the 20th century, Arab Muslims raided and traded for black African slaves in West, Central, and East Africa, sending thousands of slaves each year to North Africa and parts of Asia. From the 15th to the 19th century, Europeans bought millions of slaves in West, Central, and East Africa and sent them to Europe; the Caribbean; and North, Central, and South America. These two overlapping waves of transcontinental slave trading made the slave trade central to the economies of many African states and threatened many more Africans with enslavement, and can to be known as the Trans-Saharan and Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. The merchants who traded slaves on the coast to European ship captains – for example the Vili traders north of the Congo, the Efik in the Bight of Biafra, and behind them the groups
Traditional African practices of slavery were altered to some extent beginning in the 7th century by two non-African groups of slave traders: Arab Muslims and Europeans. From the 7th to the 20th century, Arab Muslims raided and traded for black African slaves in West, Central, and East Africa, sending thousands of slaves each year to North Africa and parts of Asia. From the 15th to the 19th century, Europeans bought millions of slaves in West, Central, and East Africa and sent them to Europe; the Caribbean; and North, Central, and South America. These two overlapping waves of transcontinental slave trading made the slave trade central to the economies of many African states and threatened many more Africans with enslavement, and can to be known as the Trans-Saharan and Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. The merchants who traded slaves on the coast to European ship captains – for example the Vili traders north of the Congo, the Efik in the Bight of Biafra, and behind them the groups
Bibliography: * Dembar-Greene. 2000. “Slavery in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia”. History of slavery. San–Val. Scholastic Library Pub. * Fage. 1969. “Slavery and the slave trade in the context of West African History” .Journal of African History, x, 3. * http://stmarys.ca/~wmills/course316/7Dahomey.html * Klein. H. S. 2010. “The Atlantic Slave Trade”. Cambridge University Press. New York. * Miers. S. & Kopytoff. I. 1979. “Slavery in Africa: historical and anthropological perspectives”. University of Wisconsin Press. * Rodney. W. 1972. “How Europe Underdeveloped Africa: Introduction, Slavery on the Upper Guinea Coast”. [ 2 ]. Fage. “Slavery and the slave trade in the context of West African History” .Journal of African History, x, 3. 1969. 395. [ 7 ]. Klein. “The Atlantic Slave Trade”. 2010. 126. [ 11 ]. Dembar-Greene. “Slavery in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia”. 2000. [ 13 ]. Klein. “The Atlantic Slave Trade”. 2010. 9.