The Arab Uprisings
Contents Letter of Transmittal 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: 7 Introduction to Arab Spring 9 Definition 9 Origin of the term 9 Countries involved 10 General History of Arab 10 Conquests and Expansion of Arabs: 11 Union of Arab Countries – The Arab League: 11 The Arab Common Market: 12 Rising Disputes: 12 Arab Cold War: 13 Various Conflicts: 13 Arab-Israeli conflict: 13 Iran-Iraq war: 13 Lebanese Civil War: 14 Western Sahara War: 14 Yemen Civil War: 15 Somali Civil War and Ethiopian-Somali War: 15 History of Democracy in Arab World: 16 Presidential republics: 18 Absolute monarchy (kingship): 18 Constitutional monarchy: 19 Islamic governments: 19 2011 Democracy Index: 19 Causes of Arab Spring 22 Arab Monarchies: 23 Human Right Violation: 24 Government Corruptions: 25 Corruption Perceptions Index 27 Outcomes of Corruption: 27 ROLE OF MEDIA IN ARAB SPRING: 28 Number of demographic structural factors 29 Economic Decline, Unemployment and Increasing poverty: 29 Social Unrest 30 OUTCOMES OF ARAB UPRISINGS 31 ARAB SPRING IN ETHNIC SCOPE: 31 IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ARAB SPRING: 34 IMPACTS OF ARAB SPRING ON WORLD: 36 INTERNATIONAL REACTIONS TO THE ARAB SPRING: 38 REACTION OF PAKISTAN TO THE ARAB SPRING: 39 ARAB SPRING’S EFFECTS ON WORLD ECONOMY: 40 CONCLUSION: 41 BIBLIOGRAPHY 42
LIST OF ILLUSTRATION
Figure 1 17 Figure 2 37
Table 1 21 Table 2 26
Letter of Transmittal
Amna Nafees and Malik Athar Iqbal,
G.C University,
Lahore.
December 19, 2012.
Mr. Mahboob Ahmed,
Department of English,
G.C University,
Lahore.
Dear Mr. Ahmad:
We are submitting herewith our report entitled “Arab spring – it causes and outcomes” as partial fulfillment of the English ‘Communication skills’ course requirement.
We went through many news articles and reports to determine that what were the real causes and factors behind the Arab spring, when it happened, how Arab government dealt with
LIST OF ILLUSTRATION
Figure 1 17 Figure 2 37
Table 1 21 Table 2 26
Letter of Transmittal
Amna Nafees and Malik Athar Iqbal,
G.C University,
Lahore.
December 19, 2012.
Mr. Mahboob Ahmed,
Department of English,
G.C University,
Lahore.
Dear Mr. Ahmad:
We are submitting herewith our report entitled “Arab spring – it causes and outcomes” as partial fulfillment of the English ‘Communication skills’ course requirement.
We went through many news articles and reports to determine that what were the real causes and factors behind the Arab spring, when it happened, how Arab government dealt with
Bibliography: 1. The Economist. February 11, 2012. Retrieved September 21, 2012. 2. Diana Briton Putman, Mohamood Cabdi Noor, The Somalis: their history and culture, (Center for Applied Linguistics: 1993), p.15. 3 13. Fareed Zakaria, "The Politics of Rage: Why Do They Hate Us?" Newsweek, April 26, 2010, available at: http://tinyurl.com/c4fpu3t (www.thedailybeast.com/ newsweek/2001/10/14/the-politics-of-rage-why-do-they-hate-us.html). 14. Diane J. Macunovich, "Relative Cohort Size: Source of a Unifying Theory of Global Fertility Transition," Population Development Review, 26:2 (Population Council, June 2000): 235–261. 15. Stanford; Kural Shaw, Ezel (1977). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29163-1. 16. Hale, William Mathew (1994). Turkish Politics and the Military. Routledge, UK. ISBN 0-415-02455-2 17