Structure of Function of Plants Review
Structure & Function of Plants Review: Plant Structure, Growth, and Development I 1. How does the vascular tissue system enable leaves and roots to function together in supporting growth and development of the whole plant? 2. When you eat the following, what plant structure are you consuming? Brussels sprouts, celery sticks, onions, and carrot sticks. 3. Characterize the role of each of the three tissue systems in a leaf. 4. Describe at least three specializations in plant organs and plant cells that are adaptations to life on land. 5. If humans were photoautotrophs, making food by capturing light energy for photosynthesis, how might our anatomy be different? 6. Distinguish between primary and secondary growth. 7. Cells in lower layers of your skin divide and replace dead cells sloughed from the surface. Why is it inaccurate to compare such regions of cell division to a plant meristem? 8. Roots and stems grow indeterminately, but leaves do not. How might this benefit the plant? 9. Suppose a gardener picks some radishes and finds that they are too small. Since radishes are biennials, the gardener leaves the remaining plants in the ground, thinking that they will grow larger during their second year. Is this a good idea? Explain. 10. Describe how roots and shoots differ in branching. 11. Contrast primary growth in roots and shoots. 12. When grazing animals are removed from grasslands, eudicots often replace grasses. Suggest a reason why. 13. If a leaf is vertically oriented, would you expect its mesophyll to be divided into spongy and palisade layers? Explain. 14. A sign is hammered into a tree 2 meters from the tree’s base. If the tree is 10 meters tall and elongates 1 meter each year, how high will the sign be after 10 years? 15. Stomata and lenticels are both involved in gas exchange. Why do stomata need to be able to close, but lenticels do not? 16. Would you expect a tropical tree to have distinct growth rings?