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street food quality in Ho Chi Minh city

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street food quality in Ho Chi Minh city
Street food quality
A matter of neatness and trust
A qualitative study of local practices and perceptions of food quality, food hygiene and food safety in urban Kumasi, Ghana.

Thesis by Thilde Rheinländer, MSc. Student of Public Health
Institute of Public Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Submitted December 2006

Academic supervisors:
Mrs. Helle Samuelsen (Main supervisor)
Associate Professor, Department of International Health
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Mr. Phillip Adongo (second supervisor)
Population Health Officer,
Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana

The thesis contains 222.199 characters excl. references and annexes approximating 92.6 pages of each 2400 characters.

Thesis by Stud. Scient. San. Publ. Thilde Rheinländer
University of Copenhagen, Institute of Public Health
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contents
Abstract .............................................................................................................................................................. 3
Acronyms............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Introduction: Understanding multidimensional aspects of street food quality ........................................... 6
Study objectives ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Research Methods ............................................................................................................................................. 8
Data collection in general



References: Amoah et al. Pesticide and Pathogen Contamination of Vegetables in Ghana’s urban Markets, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2005:50:1-6 Appleton, B., Van Wijk, C., Hygiene promotion, Thematic Overview Paper (p.7-30), International Water and Sanitation Centre, 2003 Nutrition and Agriculture, FAO, 1996: 17/18: 21-29 Colecraft E.K in nutrition rehabilitation centres in Accra, Ghana, Public Health Nutrition, 2003: 7(4): 487–494 Cohen, W.A., Filth, Dirt, Disgust and Modern life Curtis, V., The dangers of Dirt. Household hygiene and health. Wageningen Agricultural University, PhD dissertation, 1998 Curtis, V., Biram A., Dirt, Disgust and Disease, Is hygiene in our genes? Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001a: 44(1): 17–31 Curtis, V., Hygiene: How myths, Monsters and Mothers-in-law can Promote Behaviour change, Journal of Infection, 2001b: 43: 75-79 Douglas, M., Purity and danger. An analysis of the concept of pollution and taboo, Routledge Classics, New York, 2002 [new ed Ekanem E. O, The street food trade in Africa: safety and socio-environmental issues, Food Control, Elsevier Science Ltd., 1998: 9(4): 211-215 EI-Sherbeeny, M.R. et al., Microbiological profiles of foods served by street vendors in Egypt, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 1985: 2: 355- 364 hookworm infection, schistosomiasis, and trachoma. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, 1991: 69: 609-621 FAO, Street Foods, A report of a FAO Technical Meeting on Street Foods, Calcutta, India, 6-9 November 1995, FAO, Rome, 1997 FAO, Codex Alimentarius, Food Hygiene, Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme, Rome, 2005 FAO, Report on: Improving the nutritional quality of street foods to better meet the micronutrient needs of schoolchildren in urban areas, FAO, Nutrition and Consumer Protection Division, Rome, 2006 Fewtrell et al., Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrhoea in less developed countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2005: 5: 42–52 Fouéré T Constructs, Risk Analysis, 1996: 16 (4): 473-486 Garett J.L Journal of Food Protection, Jan. 2002: 65 (1): 146–152 Goffman, E., The Presenting of self in everyday life, Anchor Books, New York, 1956 Green, E. C. Indigenous theories of contagious disease, SAGE Publications Ltd. London, 1999 82 Appetite, 2003: 41: 111-121, Hardon, A Amsterdam, 2001 Hastrup, K Routledge, London, 1994 Henseler, M lettuce sellers and consumers, in order to identify target populations for risk reduction programs, Project Report, Market analysis component of CP51, IWMI, West Africa Office, 2005 (Unpublished) Holm, L., Kildevang, H., Consumers’ Views on Food Quality. A Qualitative Interview Study, Appetite, 1996: 27: 1–14 Keraita, B. et al., Influence of urban wastewater on stream water quality and agriculture in and around Kumasi, Ghana Environment & Urbanisation, 2003: 15 (2): 171-178 King, L.K. et al., An assessment of the safety of street foods in the Ga district, of Ghana; implications for the spread of zoonoses, Acta Tropica, 2000: 76: 39–43 Knox, B., Consumer perceptions and understandings of risk from food, British Medical Bulletin, 2000: 56 (1): 97-109 Kwadwo, O., A Handbook in Asante Culture, O. Kwadwo Enterprise, Cita Press Ltd. Kumasi, 2002 Kvale, S., Interview Medical Journal, 1999: 33 (1): 19-29 Mensah, P metropolis. Ghana Medical Journal, 2001: 35 (4): 62-67

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