Misuse of Priming Effects of Overconfidence
Running head: PRIMING AND OVERCONFIDENCE
Misuse of Priming Effects Overconfidence
Abstract
This experiment was designed to test whether priming participants through testing can lead to overconfidence on further testing when the information changes. 36 Participants were selected from the ------- to participate in this experiment. The participants were given reading comprehension tests that were amended from Pearson-Longman Education testing materials. 18 participants were given Test 1 followed by a Control Test, and 18 participants were given Test 1 followed by an Experiment Test. Control Test participants did not exhibit a priming effect nor did Experiment Test participants exhibit overconfidence. It was also shown that statistically Test 1 did not have any correlation between either the Control Test or the Experiment Test. Other research indicated that participants in testing tend to exhibit underconfidence in subsequent testing, and I believe that this is correct; however, further research should be conducted to further understanding of the Priming Effect.
Misuse of Priming Effects Overconfidence Implicit forms of memory (unconscious, unconscious retrieval) have used priming to explain how the recollection of information can be hindered or helped. These tests typically show that participants improved performance on tasks for which they have been subconsciously prepared (Graf and Mandler, 1984). The overconfidence effect is a well-established bias in which someone 's subjective confidence in their judgments is reliably greater than their objective accuracy, especially when confidence is relatively high (Pallier, 2002). The current research will use priming to affect confidence on subsequent tasks. The experiment of Allwood, Innes-Ker, Homgren and Fredin, (2008) showed the importance of question format when measuring confidence in people. This also is evident in several studies involving the priming effect. Stolz (2005) showed that test subjects
Misuse of Priming Effects Overconfidence
Abstract
This experiment was designed to test whether priming participants through testing can lead to overconfidence on further testing when the information changes. 36 Participants were selected from the ------- to participate in this experiment. The participants were given reading comprehension tests that were amended from Pearson-Longman Education testing materials. 18 participants were given Test 1 followed by a Control Test, and 18 participants were given Test 1 followed by an Experiment Test. Control Test participants did not exhibit a priming effect nor did Experiment Test participants exhibit overconfidence. It was also shown that statistically Test 1 did not have any correlation between either the Control Test or the Experiment Test. Other research indicated that participants in testing tend to exhibit underconfidence in subsequent testing, and I believe that this is correct; however, further research should be conducted to further understanding of the Priming Effect.
Misuse of Priming Effects Overconfidence Implicit forms of memory (unconscious, unconscious retrieval) have used priming to explain how the recollection of information can be hindered or helped. These tests typically show that participants improved performance on tasks for which they have been subconsciously prepared (Graf and Mandler, 1984). The overconfidence effect is a well-established bias in which someone 's subjective confidence in their judgments is reliably greater than their objective accuracy, especially when confidence is relatively high (Pallier, 2002). The current research will use priming to affect confidence on subsequent tasks. The experiment of Allwood, Innes-Ker, Homgren and Fredin, (2008) showed the importance of question format when measuring confidence in people. This also is evident in several studies involving the priming effect. Stolz (2005) showed that test subjects
References: Allwood, C. M., Innes-Ker, A. H., Holmgren, J., & Fredin, G. (2008) Finn, B. & Metcalfe, J. (2007). The role of memory for past test in the underconfidence with past test Graf, P. & Mandler, G. (1984). Activation makes words more accessible, but not necessarily more retrievable Jacoby, L.L. & Dallas, M. (1981). On the relationship between autobiographical and perceptual learning Koriat, A., & Bjork, R. A. (2006). Mending metacognitive illusions: A comparison of menomic-based and theory-based procedures Koriat, A., Ma’ayan, H., Sheffer, L., & Bjork, R. A. (2006). Pallier, G. (2002). The role of individual differences in the accuracy of confidence judgments Stoltz, J. A., Besner, D., & Carr, T. H. (2005). Implications of measures of reliability for theories of priming: Activity in semantic memory is inherently noise and uncoordinated Tiede, H. L., Leboe, J. P. (2009). Illusions of competence for phonetically, orthographically, and semantically similar word pairs