Sample Research Paper
CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION
Rationale
The world is moving on. Everything has changed and will still continue to change. One of the major contributors of these changes is the unending discovery of new advances such as tools and information technologies worldwide, from conventional Information System (IS) to computer-based IS, even become web-based IS. These advancements have been widely absorbed to improve efficiency of the organization’s operation and effectiveness in providing service to its employees and customers for them to survive in the realm of business world. Organizations such as universities have increasingly adopted advanced technologies to automate their information systems. It includes tools that are used to create, retrieve, store, change and transmit information. Online services have been offered by universities to provide information and applications for various stakeholders such as students, parents, benefactors and school personnel in timely manner and with greater ease (Lee & Kim, 2010). The Southern Leyte State University- San Juan spent considerable resources and efforts in applying computer-based information system in some transactions in school. The university has a computer-based system for accounting, enrolment and grading. Students, parents and benefactors ask for grades, schedule, statement of
2 account and other relevant information. Though the computerization automates the abovementioned processes but some of the students claimed that sometimes the releasing of requested information took hours or even days for some operations like retrieval of data since it is still done semi-automatically or manually. Aside from that, the university also collects a processing fee for grade inquiry. Truly, indeed, there is a call for improving student’s information system such as in students academic performance monitoring and billing system to satisfy the information needs of the clients. One of the responsibilities of
Rationale
The world is moving on. Everything has changed and will still continue to change. One of the major contributors of these changes is the unending discovery of new advances such as tools and information technologies worldwide, from conventional Information System (IS) to computer-based IS, even become web-based IS. These advancements have been widely absorbed to improve efficiency of the organization’s operation and effectiveness in providing service to its employees and customers for them to survive in the realm of business world. Organizations such as universities have increasingly adopted advanced technologies to automate their information systems. It includes tools that are used to create, retrieve, store, change and transmit information. Online services have been offered by universities to provide information and applications for various stakeholders such as students, parents, benefactors and school personnel in timely manner and with greater ease (Lee & Kim, 2010). The Southern Leyte State University- San Juan spent considerable resources and efforts in applying computer-based information system in some transactions in school. The university has a computer-based system for accounting, enrolment and grading. Students, parents and benefactors ask for grades, schedule, statement of
2 account and other relevant information. Though the computerization automates the abovementioned processes but some of the students claimed that sometimes the releasing of requested information took hours or even days for some operations like retrieval of data since it is still done semi-automatically or manually. Aside from that, the university also collects a processing fee for grade inquiry. Truly, indeed, there is a call for improving student’s information system such as in students academic performance monitoring and billing system to satisfy the information needs of the clients. One of the responsibilities of
References: Books Avison, D. and Fitzgerald G. Information System Development Methodologies, Techniques and Tools. 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. UK, 2003 Brooks, D. W. Web-teaching: A Guide to Designing Interactive Teaching for the World Wide Web. New York: Plenum Press, 1997 Davy, K. Information Strategy and the Modern Utility: Building Competitive Advantage. London: Financial Times Publishing,1998 Dennis, A. and B. H. Wixom. Systems analysis and design (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley, 2003 Marakas, G. System analysis and design: An active approach (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2006. Newell, S. and Turner, M. (2006) Innovation. Encyclopedia of Management. 5th Ed. Detroit: Gale, 2006 Pressman, Roger. Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 5th Edition. England: McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., 2000. Remenyi, D.S.J. Strategic Information Systems: Development, Implementation, and Case Studies. NCC Blackwell, Manchester, UK, 1990 Reviere, R., Berkowitz, S., Carter, C., & Ferguson, C. Needs Assessment: A Creative and Practical Guide for Social Scientists. New York: Taylor & Francis Ltd, 1996 Rob, P and Coronel, C. Database Systems, 4 Ed. Asia: Thomson Learning, 2000. Satzinger, John, et.al. Object- Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process. Singapore: Course Technology, 2008. Satzinger, John, et.al. Systems and Analysis Design in a Changing World, 4 th Edition. Singapore: Course Technology, 2007. Shelly, Cashman, Rosenblatt. System Analysis and Design 6th Edition Singapore: Thompson Learning, 2005 Stair, R. and G. Reynolds. Principles of Information Systems: A Managerial Approach (7th ed.). Boston: Thomson Course Technology, 2006. 26 Vaswani, Vikram. How to Do Everything with PhP and MySQL. Philippines: McGraw-Hill Education(Asia), 2005 Whitten, J., L. Bentley and K. Dittman. Systems Analysis and Design Methods (6th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2004. Periodicals Barrett, S. 1999. Information Systems: An Exploration of Factors Influencing Effective use. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 32(1), 4-16. ISTE. Beller, M., & Or, E. 2003. “Learning technologies at the service of higher education: Global trends and local Israeli opportunities”. Work, 20(1), 23-33 Levine, E. 2003. The Data Trek. American School Board Journal, 190(9), 46- 48. Norton, B., Peel, M. 1989. Information: The Key to Effective Management. Library Management, 10(2), 55. Strauss, H.J. 1992. “CWISs: Myth, Mania, or Miracle”, Academic and Library Computing, Vol. 9 No. 9, pp. 13-16. Yorke, M., 1998. ‘The Management of Assessment in Higher Education’, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 23(2), pp. 101-116. Unpublished Materials Abadiano, Mark N. A Human Resources Information System for the Cebu, Cebu City. March 2008. University of Bacalla, Alex C. The Library Information System of Southern Leyte State University (SLSU): Basis for a Prototypr SMS-Based Querying and Reservation System. March 2006. Horteza, Al D. An Online Faculty Evaluation System by Students for the University of Cebu. March 2008. 27 Electronic Sources Answers.com.(2010) What is meant by academic performance? [online]. Available: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_meant_by_academic_performance. (Date Access: August 19, 2009). Aşcıgil, Semra. “Total Quality Approach in Assessing Student Performance in Higher Education. Retrieved from http://www.wku.edu/gfcb/papers/SA.pdf Atkins, Daniel. (2004). University Futures and New Technologies: Possibilities and Issues [online]. Available: www.oecd.org/dataoecd/50/43/36758866.pdf. (Date Accessed: January 19, 2010) Barry, Chris. “Web-based Information Systems- Time for the Revisionists”. Retrieved from http://www.collecter.org/archives/2003_June/04.pdf Bernhardt, Victoria. (2005). Data Tools for School Improvement [online]. Available: http://www.vermontdata.org/documents/DataTools.pdf. (Date Access: February 5, 2010) Bird, Ken. (2006). Student Information System: How Do You Spell Parental Involvement? S-I-S [online]. Available: http://thejournal.com/articles/2006/02/01/ student-information-systems--how-do-you-spell-parental-involvement-sis.aspx. (Date Access: February 5, 2010) Brown, Justine & Cooke, Sharon. (2005). ExtraNet System: Reviewing a Web-based Student Information Tool [online]. Available: www.aitp.org/isedj/isecon/ 2005/5122/ISECON.2005.Brown.pdf (Date Access: August 19, 2009) Carstensen Peter & Vogelsang, Lasse. (2001). Design of Web-based Information Systems- New Challenges for Systems Development [online]. Available: http://is2.lse.ac.uk/asp/aspecis/20010017.pdf (Date Access: January 10, 2010) DLSU. (2010). De la Salle University. Available: http://www.dlsu.edu.ph. (Date Access: March 30,2010) Demirdjian, Z.S. “Marketing Research and Information Systems: The Unholy Separation of the Siamese Twin.” Retrieved from http://www.csulb.edu/~zdemirdj/marketing_research_and_information_system.ht m Denning, P. (2004) Building a Culture of Innovation. http://www.acm.org/ubiquity/interviews/v5i8_denning.html January 19, 2010) [online] Available: (Date Accessed: 28 Email connection. (2001). Billing motivation [online]. Available: http://www.emc.co.za/ebilling_mot.ppt. (Date Access: August 19, 2009) Freewareseek.com. (2009). Custom-DB Student Information System [online]. Available: http://www.freewareseek.com/home/4624/ (Date Access: February 5, 2010) Jones, David, et.al. “An Information Systems Design Theory for Web-based Education.” Retrieved from http://wesrac.usc.edu/wired/bldg-7_file/isdt.pdf Knievel, Michael. (2001). Gauging the Value of Online Grade Posting: An Inquiry into Full Disclosure [online]. Available: http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/6.2/binder2.html? coverweb/assessment/knievel/index.htm. (Date Access: February 5, 2010). Liao, Yan, Mary Finn, and Jun Lu. (2005) Information-Seeking Behavior of International Graduate Students vs. American Graduate Students: A User Study at Virginia Tech [online]. Available: http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/publications/crljournal/2007/jan/liao07.pdf. (Date Access: January 8, 2010). Lee, Hyung and Kim Jae Won. (2010). Student User Satisfaction for Web-based Information Systems for Korean Universities [online]. Available: http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijbm/article/viewFile/4733/3972. (Date Access: January 8, 2010) Macalester College. (2009). Macalester 's New Online Billing Statement [online]. Available: www.macalester.edu/studentaccounts/billing/eBill.html (Date Access: January 10, 2010) Macmillan English Dictionary. (2010). Definition of Billing [online]. Available: http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/billing. (Date Access: August 19, 2009) Module for Hosting. (2010). What is Apache HTTP Server [online]. Available: http://www.modulehosting.com/apache.html. (Date access: February 5, 2010). Martin, Lawrence & Smith, Hayden. (2005). Bridging ‘Town and Gown’ Through Innovative University-Community Partnership [online]. Available: www.innovation.cc/ volumes-issues/martin-u-partner4final.pdf (Date Accessed: January 10, 2010) Ngoma, Sylvester. (2009). An Exploration of the Effectiveness of SIS in Managing Student Performance [online]. Available: http://www.congovision.com/nouvelles2/ SIS-and-Student-Performance.pdf. (Date Access: February 22, 2010) 29 San Diego State University. (2009). E-Billing Information [online]. Available: http://bfa.sdsu.edu/fm/co/cashiers/ebillinf.html. (Date Access: January 10, 2010) Sausner, Rebecca. (2003). Profiles in Solutions: Glimpse How Easy it can be to Print, Do a Presentation, Read E-mail, Connect to the Internet and Perform Assessments with your Handheld District Administration [online]. Available: http:// findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6938/is_11_39/ai_n28168580/?tag=content;col1. (Date Access: February 5, 2010) Savarese, J. (2004). The Database Gets Personal [online]. Available: http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+database+gets+personal %3a+smart+information+system+drive+better...-a0120035613. (Date Access: February 5, 2010) Schoolworks. (2009). SchoolWorks SIS [online]. Available: http://www.schoolworksinc.com/schoolworks_sis. (Date Access: February 5, 2010) Semiawan, Transmissia and Middleton, Michael. (1999). Strategic information planning and campus information systems development in Indonesia. [online]. Available: eprints.qut.edu.au/96/1/ Middleton_CWIS_99_eprint.pdf. (Date Access: January 19, 2010) Smith, S.E. (2008). Can I Access School Grades Online? [online]. Available: http://www.wisegeek.com/can-i-access-school-grades-online.htm. (Date Access: August 19, 2009) Southern Connecticut State University. (2009). About Ebill [online]. Available: http://www.southernct.edu/departments/ebill/about.htm. (Date Access: August 19, 2009) Stuckenchmidt, Heiner, et. al. “Generating and Managing Metadata for Web-based Information System”. Retrieved from http://www.cs.vu.nl/~frankh/postscript/KBS04.pdf The Journal. (2000). Web-based student information system simplifies records management [online]. Available: http://thejournal.com/articles/2000/05/01/webbased-student-information-systemsimplifies-records-management.aspx. (Date Access: February 5, 2010). The PhpGroup. (2010). PhP [online]. Available: http://www.php.net. (Date Accessed: February 5, 2010). UB. (2010). University of Baguio. Available: http://www.ubaguio.edu/beta. (Date Access: March 30, 2010) 30 UERMMMC. (2010). University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center. Available: http://www.education.uerm.ph. (Date Access: March 30, 2010) Voiculescu, Aurel. (2005). Strategic Implications of Electronic Commerce for UK businesses [online]. Available: http://www.aurelvoiculescu.com/mba/MBA_3_Literature%20review.pdf. (Date Access: February 5, 2010). Wikipedia. (2010). Adobe Photoshop [online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_photoshop. (Date Access: February 5, 2010).