Research Design and Statistics Concepts Worksheet
Research Design and Statistics Concepts Worksheet
Senthil Kumar
University of Phoenix Research Design and Statistics Concepts Worksheet
Concept Application of Concept in Scenario Reference to Concept in Reading
Levels of Measurement: There are four different levels of measurements:
1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Ordinal.
4. Interval.
5. Ratio.
These different levels of measurement useful in business.
New board member and statistician Bea Hansen pointed out that the data collected from the focus groups and online surveys must be sorted and arranged in an appropriate manner(Scenario: USA World Bank). Nominal has no distinguishable advantage from one to another. Ordinal can be ranked but the distances between the rankings vary. Interval means there is a constant standard of measurement but zero has no true meaning. Ratio has a constant standard and zero is an absolute that means the complete absence of something. “There are actually four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ration. The lowest, or the most primitive, measurement is the nominal level. The highest, or the level that gives us the most information about the observation, is the ratio level of measurement.” (Lind, Marchal, & Wathen, 2003,page 10)
Sampling Error:
The difference between a sample statistic and its corresponding parameter is a sampling error.
As per Bea Hansen the survey provide by Brian Allen, was complete useless because despite the sample size, not random and is not a true representation of population. Bea pointed out the valid random selection process as there were more men responding to the survey and results were distorted. (Scenario: USA World Bank.) “Each sample may have a different sample mean and a different sampling error. The value of the sampling error is based on the random selection of a sample. Therefore, sampling errors are random and occur by chance.” (Lind, Marchal, & Wathen, 2003,page 259)
Concepts of validity, reliability, and
Senthil Kumar
University of Phoenix Research Design and Statistics Concepts Worksheet
Concept Application of Concept in Scenario Reference to Concept in Reading
Levels of Measurement: There are four different levels of measurements:
1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Ordinal.
4. Interval.
5. Ratio.
These different levels of measurement useful in business.
New board member and statistician Bea Hansen pointed out that the data collected from the focus groups and online surveys must be sorted and arranged in an appropriate manner(Scenario: USA World Bank). Nominal has no distinguishable advantage from one to another. Ordinal can be ranked but the distances between the rankings vary. Interval means there is a constant standard of measurement but zero has no true meaning. Ratio has a constant standard and zero is an absolute that means the complete absence of something. “There are actually four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ration. The lowest, or the most primitive, measurement is the nominal level. The highest, or the level that gives us the most information about the observation, is the ratio level of measurement.” (Lind, Marchal, & Wathen, 2003,page 10)
Sampling Error:
The difference between a sample statistic and its corresponding parameter is a sampling error.
As per Bea Hansen the survey provide by Brian Allen, was complete useless because despite the sample size, not random and is not a true representation of population. Bea pointed out the valid random selection process as there were more men responding to the survey and results were distorted. (Scenario: USA World Bank.) “Each sample may have a different sample mean and a different sampling error. The value of the sampling error is based on the random selection of a sample. Therefore, sampling errors are random and occur by chance.” (Lind, Marchal, & Wathen, 2003,page 259)
Concepts of validity, reliability, and
References: Cooper D. R., Schindler P.S. (2003). Business Research Methods; New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. Eighth Edition. Web Site: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/content/eBookLibrary/content/eReader.h Lind, D. A., Marchal, W.G., Wathen, S.A. (2004). Statistical Techniques in Business & Economics. The McGraw Hill, 12th Edition, Web Site : https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/content/eBookLibrary/content/eReader.h University of Phoenix. Week one: Scenario one. Retrieved April 05, 2008, from University of Phoenix, Week One, rEsource, Scenario One, USA World Bank. MBA510 Managerial Decision Making Course Web site. University of Phoenix. Week one: Simulation. Retrieved April 06, 2008, from University of Phoenix, Week One, rEsource,Simulation: Managing Research Design. MBA510 Managerial Decision Making Course Web site.