1. a) Describe the factors which decide the broad area of Scientific activity? (5)
b) Discuss briefly the scientific and technical achievements of the Bronze age (5)
2. a) Explain the factors that led to the decline of Science in Europe during iron age. (5)
b) What were the main features of the social organization in the Gupta Empire that led to a great improvement in Science and Technology? Discuss briefly some development in astronomy during this period. (5)
3. a) Analyse the factors that impeded the growth of Science in India in the medieval times. (5)
b) Compare the Indian and European societies of the period from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century and analyse the features of the then European society that helped the birth of modern Science. (5)
4. a) Discuss the shaping of Science and Technology policies in the post-independence phase of India. (5)
b) Describe the evolution of a neutron star. (5)
5. a) Explain Darwin theory of natural selection. Why it was unacceptable to most people of that time? (5)
b) What is remote sensing and how does it help in exploration of various natural sources.
(5)
6. a) Discuss how the application of scientific knowledge has made better agriculture possible under different conditions. (5)
b) List the diseases caused by malnutrition and deficiency of Vitamins and Minerals.
What are the precautions one should take while cooking so as to retain maximum amount of vitamins in the food? (5)
7. a) Distinguish between infectious and non-infectious diseases. Discuss briefly how the infectious diseases travel from one person to another. (5)
b) “Aggression is a basic instinct in animals while it is a learned behavior in human being.” Do you agree with this statement? Justify you answer. (5)
8. a) Discuss the role of communication in bridging the cultural gap between the societies. (5)
b) Describe the importance of R&D in industrial growth, and national development.
(5)
9. a) Give reason for the benefits of our technological development not reaching all strata of our society. (5)
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